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超构透镜的色差调控应用

林若雨 吴一凡 付博妍 王漱明 王振林 祝世宁

林若雨, 吴一凡, 付博妍, 王漱明, 王振林, 祝世宁. 超构透镜的色差调控应用[J]. 中国光学(中英文), 2021, 14(4): 764-781. doi: 10.37188/CO.2021-0096
引用本文: 林若雨, 吴一凡, 付博妍, 王漱明, 王振林, 祝世宁. 超构透镜的色差调控应用[J]. 中国光学(中英文), 2021, 14(4): 764-781. doi: 10.37188/CO.2021-0096
LIN Ruo-yu, WU Yi-fan, FU Bo-yan, WANG Shu-ming, WANG Zhen-lin, ZHU Shi-ning. Application of chromatic aberration control of metalens[J]. Chinese Optics, 2021, 14(4): 764-781. doi: 10.37188/CO.2021-0096
Citation: LIN Ruo-yu, WU Yi-fan, FU Bo-yan, WANG Shu-ming, WANG Zhen-lin, ZHU Shi-ning. Application of chromatic aberration control of metalens[J]. Chinese Optics, 2021, 14(4): 764-781. doi: 10.37188/CO.2021-0096

超构透镜的色差调控应用

doi: 10.37188/CO.2021-0096
基金项目: 国家重点基础研究计划项目(No. 2017YFA0303700);国家自然科学基金(No. 11621091,No. 11822406,No. 11774164,No. 11834007,No. 11774162)
详细信息
    作者简介:

    林若雨(1998—),男,浙江台州人,硕士研究生,2020年于南京大学获得学士学位,主要从事微纳光学以及超构表面等方面的研究。E-mail:MG20220202@smail.nju.edu.cn

    王漱明(1981—),男,江苏苏州人,2009年于南京大学获得博士学位,博士,副教授,主要从事微纳光学,量子光学,超构表面设计和成像技术等方面的研究。E-mail:wangshuming@nju.edu.cn

    王振林(1965—),男,江苏姜堰人,博士,教授,博士生导师,1996年于南京大学获得理学博士学位,主要从事光子晶体等超构材料的设计以及非线性光学方面的研究。E-mail:zlwang@nju.edu.cn

    祝世宁(1949—),男,江苏南京人,博士,博士生导师,院士,1996年于南京大学获得博士学位。主要从事微结构功能材料和量子信息方面的应用研究。E-mail:zhusn@nju.edu.cn

  • 中图分类号: O439

Application of chromatic aberration control of metalens

Funds: Supported by National Program on Key Basic Research Project of China (No. 2017YFA0303700); National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 11621091, No. 11822406, No. 11774164, No. 11834007, No. 11774162)
More Information
  • 摘要: 超构表面是由精心设计和排布的亚波长纳米单元组成的平面元件,其可以在微观尺度下调制电磁场,从而实现波前的任意调控。目前,它已被用来灵活地操纵相位、偏振、振幅等各种光学参数。超构透镜是超构表面中相当重要且非常活跃的一个研究方向,由于其厚度在波长量级,与传统光学透镜相比,能够显著增加光学器件的集成度并且降低结构复杂度。但是,单元结构材料的固有色散以及结构几何形状衍射效应导致的色差会严重影响超构透镜的成像质量,从而限制了其在光电子器件中的潜在应用。本文首先讨论超构透镜控制色差的原理。随后回顾了几种重要的成像应用,包括分立波长消色差,宽带聚焦成像,光场成像等重要的成像系统。最后,本文对超构透镜未来的发展方向和应用前景做出展望。

     

  • 图 1  分立波长消色差超构透镜。(a) 基于三种不同金属微纳颗粒构成的垂直堆叠超构透镜[69];(b) 由三个分割拼接的复合超构透镜实现三个分立波长的消色差[70];(c) 对偏振不敏感的超构透镜,由多扇区透镜(上图)和交错透镜(下图)中的纳米柱组成[71];(d) 具有双折射椭圆柱超构单元的双波长超构透镜[72];(e) 基于偏振操作的具有双波长超构透镜的双光子显微镜[73];(f) 基于超构表面的菲涅尔波带片[74]

    Figure 1.  Multiwavelength achromatic metalenses. (a) A vertically stacked metalens based on three different metal nano particles[69]; (b) the achromatic effect of three discrete wavelengths is realized by three segmented composite metalens[70]; (c) a polarization-insensitive metalens is composed of nanoposts in multisector lens (above) and interleaved lens (below)[71]; (d) a dual wavelength metalens with birefringent elliptical cylinder meta-atoms[72]; (e) a two-photon microscope with dual-wavelength metalens based on polarization operation[73]; (f) Fresnel zone plate based on metasurface[74]

    图 2  算法优化分立波长消色差超构透镜。(a)三波长复消色差衍射透镜[75];(b)基于亚波长等离子体微纳粒子的多波长消色差超构透镜[76];(c)利用全息术原理调控双波长的光场[77]

    Figure 2.  Algorithm optimization of multiwavelength achromatic metalens. (a) Three-wavelength apochromatic diffractive lens[75]; (b) multiwavelength achromatic metalens based on subwavelength plasma nano particles[76]; (c) the light field which uses the principle of holography to control dual-wavelength[77]

    图 3  窄带消色差超构透镜。(a)应用了由二氧化钛纳米柱,电介质薄层和金属背反射器制成的超构单元,以实现具有60 nm以上连续带宽的消色差超构透镜[78];(b)能够实现正,零和超负色散的超构表面设计[79]

    Figure 3.  Narrowband achromatic metalens. (a) Meta-atoms made of titanium dioxide nano-pillars, a dielectric layer and a metal back reflector which is applied to realize an achromatic metalens with continuous bandwidth above 60 nm[78]; (b) a metasurface design capable of realizing positive, zero and super-negative dispersion[79]

    图 4  宽带消色差超透镜。(a)反射式宽带消色差超构透镜工作原理示意图,其扫描电子显微镜图像以及实验结果[80];(b)由氮化镓微纳柱和反结构制成的超构透镜在400 nm至660 nm范围内的成像效果[81];(c)将所需相位泰勒展开的原理图以及聚焦效果[82]

    Figure 4.  Broadband achromatic metalenses. (a) Schematic diagram of the working principle of the reflective broadband achromatic metalens, its scanning electron microscope image and experimental results[80]; (b) the imaging effect of the metalens made of gallium nitride nano pillars and reverse structure in the range of 400 nm to 660 nm[81]; (c) schematic diagram of the desired phase Taylor expansion and focusing effect[82]

    图 5  偏振不敏感的超构透镜。(a)在1200~1650 nm波长范围内偏振不敏感的宽带消色差超构透镜[83];(b) 在可见光波段的偏振不敏感超构透镜[84];(c) 渔网式结构的超构透镜实现宽带高效消色差[85];(d)通过结合超构表面和传统折射光学元件的宽带消色差器件[86]

    Figure 5.  Polarization-insensitive metalenses. (a) Polarization-insensitive broadband achromatic metalens in the wavelength range of 1200~1650 nm[83]; (b) polarization-insensitive metalens in the visible light band[84]; (c) the fishnet-like structure of the metalens realizes broadband high-efficiency achromatic aberration[85]; (d) broadband achromatic devices by combining metasurfaces and traditional refractive optical elements[86]

    图 6  (a)离轴超构透镜实现高光谱分辨率[87];(b)可见光波段光谱仪焦点保持于同一平面[88];(c)由3个反射式超构表面组成的光谱仪[89]

    Figure 6.  (a) Off-axis metalens for high spectral resolution[87]; (b) the focus of the visible light band spectrometer is kept on the same plane[88]; (c) a spectrometer composed of three reflective metasurfaces[89]

    图 7  (a) 任意调控3个波长的复合式超构透镜[90];(b)构建超构单元色散数据库实现超构透镜任意色差调控[91];(c) 可见光波段多通道寻址[92]

    Figure 7.  (a) Compound metalens capable of adjusting three wavelengths arbitrarily[90]; (b) constructing a meta-atom dispersion database to realize arbitrary chromatic aberration control of metalens[91]; (c) color router in the visible light band[92]

    图 8  (a) 任意调控3个波长的复合式超构透镜[93];(b) 宽带等离激元调制实现多色三维全息显示[94];(c) 毫米级高数值孔径超构透镜实现虚拟现实[95]

    Figure 8.  (a) Compound metalens with arbitrarily adjustable three wavelengths[93]; (b) broadband plasmon modulation realizes multi-color three-dimensional holographic display[94]; (c) millimeter-scale diameter and high numerical aperture metalens for virtual reality[95]

    图 9  (a)利用超构表面超色差进行蛙卵细胞层析成像[96];(b)超构透镜内窥镜成像[97];(c)超构透镜阵列光场成像[98];(d)偏振不敏感超构透镜阵列[99]

    Figure 9.  (a) Frog egg cell tomography using metasurface[96]; (b) metalens endoscopic imaging[97]; (c) metalens array light field imaging[98]; (d) polarization insensitive metalens array[99]

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  • 收稿日期:  2021-04-30
  • 修回日期:  2021-05-24
  • 网络出版日期:  2021-06-08
  • 刊出日期:  2021-07-01

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