Design of spaceborne full-spectrum hyperspectral system

Due to the constraints of volume and weight in spacecraft, it is challenging to simultaneously obtain large aperture, high resolution and hyperspectral information in satellite remote sensing systems. This paper proposes a novel hyperspectral imaging system that utilizes a shared primary and secondary mirror design, along with a coaxial five-mirror optical path for multi-channel separation. By integrating Offner convex grating spectroscopy, the system enables hyperspectral detection from the visible to the long-wave infrared spectrum. Design results indicate that with a primary mirror diameter of 1000 mm at an altitude of 500 km, the spatial resolution in the visible and short-wave bands exceed 2 m, in the mid-wave band exceed 3 m, in the long-wave band exceed 6m, and the panchromatic resolution is better than 1 m. The system achieves a full field of view of 2.3°, accommodating a swath width of 20 km for detection.To enhance the system's capabilities for aberration and distortion correction, high-order aspheric elements are incorporated to create a telecentric optical path, ensuring optimal matching between the telescope and the spectrometer. Furthermore, we propose housing the spectrometer module in a cooling chamber to effectively mitigate the impact of background radiation from the optical structure on image quality.The final design demonstrates excellent imaging quality, a simple layout, and a compact structure, enabling the simultaneous acquisition of high spectral information across the entire spectrum. This system has broad applications in satellite-based earth observation and imaging.