| Citation: | ZHANG Guo-sheng, CHEN Yu-lei, CHAI Guo-qiang, HAN Jian-ning. Sensitivity-enhanced fiber-optic temperature sensor using cascaded Lyot-Sagnac and Fabry-Pérot interferometers[J]. Chinese Optics. doi: 10.37188/CO.2025-0068
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To effectively enhance detection sensitivity and practicality, this paper proposes a fiber-optic temperature sensor based on a cascaded Lyot-Sagnac sensing structure sensitized by the Vernier effect and a Fabry-Pérot interferometer (FPI). The Lyot-Sagnac structure is fabricated by 90° rotated splicing of polarization-maintaining fibers (PMFs) with different lengths, while the FPI is constructed using a hollow-core photonic crystal fiber (HCPCF) as the Fabry-Pérot cavity. Theoretical analysis demonstrates that the Lyot-Sagnac structure fabricated via the 90° rotated splicing method exhibits a well-defined spectral envelope, and its cascading with the FPI significantly improves temperature sensitivity through the Vernier effect. The experimental results show that the temperature sensitivity of the cascade sensor is 12.56 nm/°C and 92.77 nm/°C when the PMF of different lengths in the Lyot-Sagnac sensor structure is used as the sensing location. Compared to a standalone Lyot-Sagnac interferometer, the proposed sensor achieves a sensitivity enhancement factor of approximately 57 times. In addition, the measurement range of PMF1 mode is 9.3 times that of PMF2 mode for the same measurement bandwidth. Therefore, compared with the traditional vernier effect fiber optic temperature sensor, the dual-response mode temperature sensor proposed in this paper not only has good detection sensitivity, but also can effectively adapt to the application scenarios with different detection ranges and sensitivity requirements by using the same spectral detection equipment, providing a new idea for the development of performance adjustable fiber optic temperature sensors.
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