实现同步轨道(GEO)高分辨力对地观测的技术途径(下)

于前洋; 曲宏松

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实现同步轨道(GEO)高分辨力对地观测的技术途径(下)

于前洋 , 曲宏松

文章导航 > 中国光学 > 2009 > 2(1): 1-9

于前洋, 曲宏松. 实现同步轨道(GEO)高分辨力对地观测的技术途径(下)[J]. 中国光学, 2009, 2(1): 1-9.

引用本文:

于前洋, 曲宏松. 实现同步轨道(GEO)高分辨力对地观测的技术途径(下)[J]. 中国光学, 2009, 2(1): 1-9.

YU Qian-yang, QU Hong-song. Realization of high resolution visible earth observation on geostationary earth orbit[J]. Chinese Optics, 2009, 2(1): 1-9.

Citation:

YU Qian-yang, QU Hong-song. Realization of high resolution visible earth observation on geostationary earth orbit[J]. Chinese Optics, 2009, 2(1): 1-9.

实现同步轨道(GEO)高分辨力对地观测的技术途径(下)

1.
中国科学院长春光学精密机械与物理研究所，吉林长春 130033

详细信息

中图分类号: TP722; V243

Realization of high resolution visible earth observation on geostationary earth orbit

1.
Changchun Institute of Optics,Fine Mechanics and Physics,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Changchun 130033,China

摘要: 在地球静止同步轨道(GEO)上实现高分辨力对地观测,具有一系列独特优点,远为其它轨道所不及。然而,对于36 000 km的远程高分辨力可见波段观测,要求望远镜必须具备20 m以上口径的主镜。传统的空间相机,如果要有如此大的口径,其总质量将超过1 000 t,无法发射到GEO上。无支撑薄膜望远镜和大口径衍射望远镜,可以大幅度降低主镜质量面密度,从而降低整个相机系统的总质量,可算是一种极好的技术途径。分步发射与在轨装配,则提供了可供此类观测系统实施从地面转运到GEO的技术手段。基于变换成像原理的傅里叶望远镜，将高分辨力的取得，由增大接收口径转变为加大发射间隔，用大面积回波能量探测加上傅里叶分量重构，取代常见的目标图像直接探测，突破了远程高分辨力观测的致命瓶颈。近完美透镜为突破衍射极限提供了可能性,从而为超分辨力观测开拓出一片科学的新天地。负折射率材料(左手型材料)可制成完美透镜,而光子晶体是负折射率材料的热门选择之一,基于表面等离子激元(SPP)的光子器件则是其另一种选择。
- 同步轨道 /
- 高分辨力对地观测 /
- 傅里叶望远镜 /
- 综述
Abstract: High resolution visible earth observation on the Geostationary Earth Orbit（GEO） has a series of unique advantages over that in the other orbits. However, long range and highresolution visible observation requests a large primary mirror more than 20 m in the diameter. The traditional Space Telescope(ST) with such a large primany mirror can not be launched to GEO, for its total mass is more than 1 000 t. An unsupported membrane ST and a large diameter diffraction ST can significantly reduce mirror surface density and lower down the total mass of the ST, which offers an excellent technologic approach to earth observation. Moreover, both the launching by module and the assembly in an orbit provide the technological means to tranport these kinds of observation systems from ground to GEO. Fourier telescope based on the theory of transform imaging changes the acquirement for highresolution from increasing the receiving diameter into ncreasing the illumination interval, and from detecting the object image directly into receiving the echo energy and reconstructing Fourier components. It breaks through the fatal bottleneck of the long range and hign resolution observation. Recently, a near perfect lens has been developed to provide the possibility for breakthrough of diffraction limit, so that a new science field will be set up for superresolution observation. The perfect lens makes of negative refractive index materials(lefthanded materials) and the negative refractive index materials come from both of the photonic crystals and the photonic devices based on Surface Plasmon Polariton(SPP).
- Geostationary Earth Orbit(GEO) /
- highresolution earth observation /
- Fourier telescope /
- review

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实现同步轨道(GEO)高分辨力对地观测的技术途径(下)

1. 中国科学院长春光学精密机械与物理研究所，吉林长春 130033

收稿日期: 2008-08-11
修回日期: 2008-10-16
刊出日期: 2009-02-20

中图分类号: TP722; V243

关键词:

摘要: 在地球静止同步轨道(GEO)上实现高分辨力对地观测,具有一系列独特优点,远为其它轨道所不及。然而,对于36 000 km的远程高分辨力可见波段观测,要求望远镜必须具备20 m以上口径的主镜。传统的空间相机,如果要有如此大的口径,其总质量将超过1 000 t,无法发射到GEO上。无支撑薄膜望远镜和大口径衍射望远镜,可以大幅度降低主镜质量面密度,从而降低整个相机系统的总质量,可算是一种极好的技术途径。分步发射与在轨装配,则提供了可供此类观测系统实施从地面转运到GEO的技术手段。基于变换成像原理的傅里叶望远镜，将高分辨力的取得，由增大接收口径转变为加大发射间隔，用大面积回波能量探测加上傅里叶分量重构，取代常见的目标图像直接探测，突破了远程高分辨力观测的致命瓶颈。近完美透镜为突破衍射极限提供了可能性,从而为超分辨力观测开拓出一片科学的新天地。负折射率材料(左手型材料)可制成完美透镜,而光子晶体是负折射率材料的热门选择之一,基于表面等离子激元(SPP)的光子器件则是其另一种选择。

English Abstract

Realization of high resolution visible earth observation on geostationary earth orbit

1. Changchun Institute of Optics,Fine Mechanics and Physics,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Changchun 130033,China

Received Date: 2008-08-11
Rev Recd Date: 2008-10-16
Publish Date: 2009-02-20

Keywords:

Abstract: High resolution visible earth observation on the Geostationary Earth Orbit（GEO） has a series of unique advantages over that in the other orbits. However, long range and highresolution visible observation requests a large primary mirror more than 20 m in the diameter. The traditional Space Telescope(ST) with such a large primany mirror can not be launched to GEO, for its total mass is more than 1 000 t. An unsupported membrane ST and a large diameter diffraction ST can significantly reduce mirror surface density and lower down the total mass of the ST, which offers an excellent technologic approach to earth observation. Moreover, both the launching by module and the assembly in an orbit provide the technological means to tranport these kinds of observation systems from ground to GEO. Fourier telescope based on the theory of transform imaging changes the acquirement for highresolution from increasing the receiving diameter into ncreasing the illumination interval, and from detecting the object image directly into receiving the echo energy and reconstructing Fourier components. It breaks through the fatal bottleneck of the long range and hign resolution observation. Recently, a near perfect lens has been developed to provide the possibility for breakthrough of diffraction limit, so that a new science field will be set up for superresolution observation. The perfect lens makes of negative refractive index materials(lefthanded materials) and the negative refractive index materials come from both of the photonic crystals and the photonic devices based on Surface Plasmon Polariton(SPP).

于前洋, 曲宏松. 实现同步轨道(GEO)高分辨力对地观测的技术途径(下)[J]. 中国光学, 2009, 2(1): 1-9.

引用本文:

于前洋, 曲宏松. 实现同步轨道(GEO)高分辨力对地观测的技术途径(下)[J]. 中国光学, 2009, 2(1): 1-9.

YU Qian-yang, QU Hong-song. Realization of high resolution visible earth observation on geostationary earth orbit[J]. Chinese Optics, 2009, 2(1): 1-9.

Citation:

YU Qian-yang, QU Hong-song. Realization of high resolution visible earth observation on geostationary earth orbit[J]. Chinese Optics, 2009, 2(1): 1-9.