Special dispersion mechanism of optical glass
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摘要: 本文对光学玻璃的特殊色散机理进行了深入研究。研究认为,光学玻璃的特殊色散性能表征参数主要是相对部分色散偏离值ΔPg,F,ΔPg,F绝对值越大,表明光学玻璃的特殊色散越大,越有利于消除光学系统的二级光谱。光学玻璃的特殊色散机理是由紫外和红外本征吸收引起。色散曲线中本征吸收峰的漂移和强弱将影响可见光区色散曲线斜率,进而使玻璃的相对部分色散偏离值变化。紫外本征吸收是由电子跃迁引起的;而红外本征吸收是由分子或分子集团振动造成的。开展特殊色散机理研究不仅可以深入揭示光学玻璃的"组分-结构-性能"关系规律,而且有助于开发特殊色散性能更优异的新型光学玻璃。Abstract: Special dispersion mechanism of optical glass is studied deeply in ths paper.The deviation of relative partial dispersion ΔPg, F from normal line is an important parameter to characterize the special dispersion property of optical glass.The optical glass with high absolute value of ΔPg, F can be used to revise secondary spectrum in advanced optical system.The special dispersion phenomenon in visible region is aroused by inherent absorption in the ultraviolet and infrared regions.The shift and strength of inherent absorption peaks have an evident influence on the slope of dispersion curve, which will change the deviation of relative partial dispersion.It is generally thought that the electron transition results in ultraviolet inherent absorption, and libration of molecule or its group leads to infrared inherent absorption.Special dispersion mechanism is studied not only to deeply understand the relationship among composition, microstructure and property of optical glass, but also to develop new optical glasses with more excellent special dispersion property.
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Key words:
- optical glass /
- special dispersion /
- inherent absorption
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图 1 光学玻璃的正常色散和特殊色散曲线
Figure 1. Normal dispersion and special dispersion curves of optical glasses
图 2 两种特殊色散玻璃的色散关系
Figure 2. Dispersion relation of two kinds of special dispersion glasses
图 6 振子强度f0与紫外吸收截止波长λ0的关系
Figure 6. Relationship between oscillator strength f0 and ultraviolet absorption wavelength λ0
图 7 紫外吸收波长λ与νd的关系
Figure 7. Relationship between νd and ultraviolet absorption wavelength λ0
图 8 紫外吸收波长λ与Pi,g的关系
Figure 8. Relationship between Pi,g and ultraviolet absorption wavelength λ0
图 11 光学玻璃的特殊色散机理示意图
Figure 11. Sketch map of special dispersion mechanism of optical glass
表 1 无机氧化物玻璃中各氧化物的折射率和相对部分色散系数(mol%)
Table 1. Refractive index and relative partial dispersion coefficients of oxides for inorganic oxide glass(mol%)
序号 氧化物 nD Pg,F 1 Li2O 1.695 0.565 2 Na2O 1.590 0.575 3 K2O 1.575 0.570 4 ZnO 1.705 0.585 5 PbO 2.15~2.50 0.885~0.0037(100-b) 6 B2O3 1.495+0.002α(ψ＞1) 0.520(ψ＞1) - 0.50+0.02ψ(ψ＜1) 7 Al2O3 1.52 0.540 8 La2O3 2.47 0.59 9 SiO2 1.46(α＜34) 0.534(α＜67) 1.475-0.00045(67-α)(34＜α＜67) 0.528+0.00018(100-α)(α＞67) 10 TiO2 2.2~2.41 0.85 11 ZrO2 1.91 0.59 12 HfO2 1.97 0.62 13 Nb2O5 2.95 0.61 14 Ta2O5 2.75 0.88 注:表中， ψ= 
α为SiO2含量。
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