Design and verification of high-precision multi-star simulator with a wide field of view
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摘要: 在星敏感器高精度的地面精确标定任务中，为满足其对高精度大视场多星模拟器的需求, 研制了可实现20°×40°视场内65颗恒星位置、星等精确模拟的高精度星模拟器。文章从星模拟器原理出发，基于星模拟器空间坐标系转换设计了模拟星支架，通过分析影响模拟星指向的误差，采用 “主次镜一体式安装”、“全铝式模拟星系统”、“星孔位置补偿”等关键技术，设计高精度模拟星系统；建立各模拟星在o-x′y′z′坐标系中的空间位置模型，推导出各模拟星俯仰偏摆角度、单星指向及星间角距数学模型，并计算出单星指向理论误差及星角距理论误差，作为装调及试验的理论基础。试验结果显示，所有模拟星单星指向误差均优于1.914″，任意两模拟星角距误差优于4.3″；设计的高精度大视场多星模拟器精度满足要求，解决了新型星敏感器对高精度大视场多星模拟器的需求，可以作为高精度星敏感器地面性能标定的重要设备。Abstract: In order to achieve high-precision ground calibration of star sensors and meet the needs of a high-precision multi-star simulator with a wide field of view, a high-precision star simulator which can accurately simulate the position and magnitude of 65 stars in the 20° × 40° field of view was developed. Based on the principles of star simulators and the transformation of the space coordinate systems of star simulators, a simulation star bracket was designed. By the analysis and calculation of errors that affect the pointing error of star simulations, the high-precision simulation star system was designed using key technologies such as "integrated installation of primary and secondary mirrors", "all-aluminum simulation star systems" and "star point position compensation". A space-position model of each simulation star in the o-x'y'z' coordinate system was established, and the mathematical models of pitch, yaw, single star direction and star angular distance were derived. Also, the theoretical errors in single-star direction and star angular distance, which were used as the theoretical basis for adjustment and testing, were calculated. The single-star direction error of all simulated stars was better than 1.914", and the angular distance error of any two simulated stars was better than 4.3". The accuracy of the designed high-precision wide-field-of-view multi-star simulator meets the requirements. It can be used as an important piece of equipment for ground calibration of high-precision star sensors.
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Key words:
- star simulator /
- high precision /
- wide field of view /
- all aluminum /
- single star pointing /
- star angular distance
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图 2 高精度大视场多星模拟器原理图
Figure 2. Schematic diagram of high-precision multi-star simulator with wide field of view
图 7 模拟星系统实物图及整机干涉检验图
Figure 7. Physical map of simulation star system and its interference diagram
图 9 高精度大视场多星模拟器实物图
Figure 9. Physical diagram of high-precision multi-star simulator with wide field of view
表 1 各模拟星在o-x′y′z′坐标系中的坐标值
Table 1. Coordinate values of simulation stars in o-x'y'z' coordinate system（mm）
序号 HIP号 xi′坐标 yi′ 坐标 zi′ 坐标 1 746 222.156 2488.992 74.603 2 2599 79.783 2488.551 225.271 …… …… …… …… …… 5 3821 0 2500 0 …… …… …… …… …… 64 116418 482.876 2446.708 −174.499 65 116962 339.63 2467.865 210.458 
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表 2 各个模拟星相对中心模拟星的理论偏摆和俯仰角度
Table 2. The theoretical yaw and pitch angle of each simulation star relative to its center（Unit:（°））
序号 HIP号 偏摆角α 俯仰角 1 746 5.10044 88.28996 2 2599 1.83626 84.83016 …… …… …… …… 5 3821 0 90 …… …… …… …… 64 116418 11.16428 94.00247 65 116962 7.83589 85.17093
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表 3 各个模拟星实际检测偏摆和俯仰角度
Table 3. Practical detection of yaw and pitch angle of each simulation star
序号 HIP号 理论偏摆俯仰角（°） 测量偏摆俯仰角（°） 单星指向误差（″） 偏摆角α 俯仰角β 偏摆角α′ 俯仰角β′ 1 746 5.10044 88.28996 5.10022 88.28973 −0.826820841 2 2599 1.83626 84.83016 1.83606 84.83038 0.789502782 …… …… …… …… …… …… …… 5 3821 0.00000 90.00000 0.00000 90.00000 0 6 4427 359.06675 87.08662 359.06662 87.08652 −0.359564154 …… …… …… …… …… …… …… 12 13268 343.5068 88.18147 343.50726 88.18198 1.745461436 13 14328 340.61185 89.39579 340.61242 89.39635 1.894486725 …… …… …… …… …… …… …… 51 111674 19.76467 91.41438 19.7641 91.41381 −1.913923243 …… …… …… …… …… …… …… 64 116418 11.16428 94.00247 11.16395 94.00284 1.322767965 65 116962 7.83589 85.17093 7.83568 85.17125 1.132461231
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