地基大口径拼接镜面主动控制技术综述

范文强; 王志臣; 陈宝刚; 李洪文; 陈涛; 安其昌; 范磊

doi:10.37188/CO.2020-0032

地基大口径拼接镜面主动控制技术综述

doi: 10.37188/CO.2020-0032

中国科学院长春光学精密机械与物理研究所，吉林长春 130033

基金项目: 中国科学院青年创新促进会（No. 2020221），白求恩医学工程与仪器中心基金项目（No. BQEGCZX2019042），国家自然科学基金项目（No. 11703026, No. 11803034）资助

详细信息

作者简介:
范文强（1993—），男，江西鹰潭人，硕士，研究实习员，2018年于华中科技大学获得硕士学位，主要从事大型光电望远镜光机结构和拼接镜面主动控制技术的研究。E-mail：fwqhust@163.com

安其昌（1988—），男，山西太原人，博士，助理研究员，中国科学院青年创新促进会成员，2011年于中国科学技术大学获得工学学士学位，2018 年于中国科学院大学获得博士学位，研究方向为大口径光机系统检测装调。Email：anjj@mail.ustc.edu.cn

通讯作者:
安其昌（1988—），男，山西太原人，博士，助理研究员，中国科学院青年创新促进会成员，2011年于中国科学技术大学获得工学学士学位，2018 年于中国科学院大学获得博士学位，研究方向为大口径光机系统检测装调。Email：anjj@mail.ustc.edu.cn

中图分类号: TP394.1;TH691.9
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2020-03-02
- 修回日期: 2020-04-24
- 网络出版日期: 2020-10-15
- 刊出日期: 2020-12-01

Review of the active control technology of large aperture ground telescopes with segmented mirrors

Changchun Institute of Optics, Fine Mechanics and Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130033, China

Funds: Supported by Youth Innovation Promotion Association of Chinese Academy of Sciences (No. 2020221), Bethune Medical Engineering and Instrument Center Foundation (No. BQEGCZX2019042), National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 11703026, No. 11803034)

More Information

Corresponding author: anjj@mail.ustc.edu.cn

摘要

摘要: 拼接镜面技术是光学合成孔径望远镜的三种实现方式之一，是未来大口径望远镜的重要研究方向。由于拼接镜面主动控制系统直接影响拼接镜面等效大口径镜面的光学性能，本文着眼于地基大口径望远镜的拼接镜面主动控制技术，由地基拼接镜面望远镜的发展过程展开，阐述拼接镜面主动控制系统的主要结构，对国内外拼接镜面主动控制系统发展概况进行分析和总结。归纳了拼接镜面主动控制系统实现主动调整和主动保持的关键技术，明确了深度学习理论在闭环控制，共相检测与校正和系统级仿真建模技术中的逐步应用和未来发展方向，为国内下一代地基大口径望远镜拼接镜面的控制方案设计提供相应的指导。
- 地基望远镜 /
- 拼接镜面 /
- 主动控制系统 /
- 主动调整 /
- 主动保持
Abstract: Segmented mirror technology is one of the three ways to realize optical synthetic aperture telescope, and it is an important area of development for future large aperture telescopes. A telescope’s active control system of its segmented mirrors directly determines its large aperture mirror’s optical performance. This paper focuses on the active control technology of large aperture ground telescopes with segmented mirrors. In this paper, we introduce the development process of a segmented mirror telescope and the main structure of the segmented mirror active control system, then summarize and analyze the domestic and foreign development of active control systems of segmented mirrors. In this paper, the key technologies of segmented mirror active control systems and how they achieve active adjustment and active maintenance are summarized. Their applications and the direction of their development are also proposed with respect to deep learning theory in closed-loop control, co-phase detection and correction, system-level simulation modeling technology. This paper provides guidance for the design of a segmented mirror control system in the next generation of ground-based large aperture telescopes in China.
- ground-based telescope /
- segmented mirror /
- active control system /
- active adjustment /
- active maintenance

HTML全文

图 1 拼接镜面望远镜系统结构图^[14]

Figure 1. Structure diagram of the segmented mirror telescope system^[14]

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图 2 拼接镜面主动控制系统框图^[15]

Figure 2. Block diagram of the segmented mirror active control system^[15]

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图 3 Keck望远镜主镜拼接形式^[16]

Figure 3. Segment form of the main mirror of the Keck telescope^[16]

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图 4 Keck望远镜子镜定位系统^[16]

Figure 4. Segment position system of the Keck telescope^[16]

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图 5 Keck望远镜拼接主镜主动控制系统控制回路图^[16]

Figure 5. Control loop diagram of the active control system for segmented mirror of Keck telescope^[16]

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图 6 HET望远镜结构图^[6]

Figure 6. Structure diagram of the HET telescope^[6]

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图 7 HET望远镜拼接镜面主动控制系统组成^[18]

Figure 7. Configuration of the active control system for the segmented mirror of the HET telescope^[18]

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图 8 SALT望远镜对准和保持系统控制流程图^[22]

Figure 8. Control flow diagram of the alignment and maintenance system of the SALT telescope^[22]

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图 9 加那利望远镜分布式可扩展实时控制系统架构图^[26]

Figure 9. Architecture diagram of the distributed extensible real-time control system for the GTC telescope^[26]

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图 10 LAMOST望远镜结构图^[9]

Figure 10. Structure diagram of the LAMOST telescope^[9]

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图 11 LAMOST望远镜主动光学系统的共焦主动调整原理图^[27-28]

Figure 11. Principle diagram of the active adjustment mechanism of active optical system in LAMOST telescope^[27-28]

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图 12 TMT望远镜拼接镜面主动保持系统控制模型图^[31]

Figure 12. Control model diagram of active maintenance system of segmented mirror in TMT telescope^[31]

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图 13 E-ELT望远镜拼接镜面主动控制系统框图^[36]

Figure 13. Block diagram of active control system for segmented mirror in E-ELT telescope^[36]

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