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摘要: 水体对光线的散射是水下图像质量劣化的重要因素，为了定量分析在特定光源照射下水体散射的影响，建立了光线水下传输的散射模型，以此为基础推导出求解水下光场分布的Fredholm积分方程。在水中光线能量随距离的增大呈指数规律衰减，基于此，在水体体散射函数为常数的情况下，给出了有边界条件时该积分方程的数值迭代求解方法，得到高精度的水下光场分布。以太阳、均匀亮度天空、水下点光源以及空中点光源为例，分别给出了水面平静时的水下光场的计算结果。该求解方法可推广应用于任意光源配置、任意边界条件下的水下光场分布，为严格推导水体点扩展函数及调制传递函数奠定了基础。Abstract: The scattering of light by water is an important factor in the deterioration of underwater image quality. In order to quantitatively analyze the influence of water scattering under the irradiation of a specific light source, the scattering model of underwater light transmission is established, and the Fredholm integral equation for solving the distribution of underwater light field is derived. Under conditions where the light energy underwater decays exponentially with an increase in distance and the volume scattering function of the water is constant, the numerical iterative solution method of the integral equation with boundary conditions is given and the high-precision underwater light field distribution can be obtained. Taking the sun, uniform sky brightness, and underwater and overwater point light sources as examples, the calculation results of their underwater light fields when the water surface is calm are given. This method can be extended to solve the distribution of underwater light fields under arbitrary light source configurations and arbitrary boundary conditions, which lays a foundation for strictly deriving a point spread function and modulation transfer function for water bodies.
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图 5 太阳照射下水下光场迭代曲线
Figure 5. Iteration curves of the underwater light field from the sun
图 7 天空背景照射下水下光场迭代曲线
Figure 7. Iteration curves of the underwater light field with the sky as the background
图 8 水下点光源形成的水下初始光场
Figure 8. Underwater initial light field by an underwater point light source
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