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摘要: 利用平面反射镜进行光路折转以减小航空遥感器体积及质量是一种常用设计手段，而平面反射镜的引入对航空遥感器的装调工作提出了更高的要求。为此本文提出了一种用于航空遥感器平面反射镜系统的装调方法。利用坐标变换法建立经纬仪测量数学模型，推导出单个平面反射镜组件及平面反射镜系统角度偏差（俯仰偏差及方位偏差）与经纬仪测量值之间的对应关系。提出了利用经纬仪完成平面反射镜系统角度偏差测量及装调的方法。最终使镜头光轴与焦平面安装面法线的俯仰偏差和方位偏差均满足不大于2′的指标要求。应用该方法已完成10余套航空遥感器反射镜系统的装调，方法方便高效。同时，该方法可为各种光学仪器中平面反射镜角度标定及装调提供解决思路。Abstract: It is a common design method to reduce the volume and mass of aerial remote sensors by using the plane mirror to replace the light path. However, the introduction of a plane mirror puts forward stricter requirements for the alignment of the aerial remote sensor. We propose an alignment method for the plane mirror system of an aerial remote sensor. The mathematical model of the theodolite measurement is established by the coordinate transformation method, and the corresponding relationship between the angular deviation (pitch deviation and azimuth deviation) of the single plane mirror assembly and plane mirror system and the measured value of the theodolite is deduced. Then a method of measuring and adjusting the angle deviation of the plane mirror system with theodolite is proposed. Finally, the pitch angle deviation and azimuth angle deviation between the lens optical axis and the normal of the focal plane mounting surface meet the index requirements of being no more than 2′. More than 10 sets of aerial remote sensor plane mirror systems have been aligned using this method, which is both convenient and efficient. At the same time, this method can provide a solution for the angle calibration and alignment of the plane mirror in various optical instruments.
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Key words:
- aerial remote sensor /
- reflecting mirror /
- angle deviation /
- alignment /
- calibration
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图 4 单个反射镜组件角度偏差测量示意图
Figure 4. Schematic diagram of the angle deviation measurement of a single reflector assembly
图 5 单个反射镜组件测量坐标系建立
Figure 5. Establishment of measurement coordinate systems for the single reflector assembly
图 6 角度β经纬仪测量误差的计算结果（计算次数为100万次）
Figure 6. Calculation results of the theodolite measurement error for angle β ( 1 million calculation times)
图 7 反射镜系统测量坐标系建立
Figure 7. Establishment of the measurement coordinate systems for the plane reflecting mirror system
图 8 （a）方位偏差p和（b）俯仰偏差q近似值误差的计算结果（计算次数为100万次）
Figure 8. Calculation results of the approximate error of (a) the azimuth angle deviation p and (b) the pitching angle deviation q ( 1 million calculation times)
图 9 反射镜组件1装调示意图
Figure 9. Schematic diagram of the alignment of the first reflector assembly
图 10 反射镜组件3装调示意图
Figure 10. Schematic diagram of the alignment of the third reflector assembly
图 11 反射镜组件2装调示意图
Figure 11. Schematic diagram of the alignment of the second reflector assembly
表 1 10套航空遥感器反射镜系统装调结果
Table 1. Alignment results of the angle deviation of the reflector system of 10 aerial remote sensors
序号 俯仰偏差 方位偏差 1 50″ 10″ 2 63″ 1″ 3 43″ 1″ 4 63″ 10″ 5 55″ 1″ 6 17″ 4″ 7 56″ 2.3″ 8 10″ 11″ 9 49″ 15″ 10 59″ 11″ 
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