一种基于定标的非均匀性校正改进算法

王成龙; 王春阳; 谷健; 赵新宇

doi:10.37188/CO.2021-0231

一种基于定标的非均匀性校正改进算法

doi: 10.37188/CO.2021-0231

王成龙^{1, 2,},
王春阳^{1, 3, ,},
谷健^4,,
赵新宇²

1.
长春理工大学, 吉林长春130022
2.
中国科学院长春光学精密机械与物理研究所, 吉林长春 130033
3.
西安工业大学, 西北兵器工业研究院, 陕西西安 710072
4.
中国人民解放军63768部队, 陕西西安 713800

基金项目: 国防基础科研计划资助项目（No. JCKY-2016411C006）

详细信息

作者简介:
王成龙（1981—），男，辽宁沈阳人，硕士，副研究员，2005年于中国科技大学获得学士学位，现为中国科学院长春光学精密机械与物理研究所副研究员，主要从事靶场光学测量方面的研究。E-mail：13944934139@139.com

王春阳（1964—），女，吉林长春人，工学博士，教授，博士生导师，副院长。现任中国自动化学会高级会员，吉林省自动化学会理事，中国光学学会会员，第三届中国机械工业教育协会自动化学科教学委员会委员，长春博士联合会第三届理事，教育部高等学校电子信息类专业教学指导委员会协作委员。主要研究方向为复杂运动系统高精稳定控制、光电精密检测与信息处理技术等。E-mail：chunyang.wang@136.com

谷　健（ 1989—），男，山西朔州人， 2010年于哈尔滨工业大学获工学硕士学位，工程师，现就任中国人民解放军63768 部队，主要研究方向光学设计及激光制导技术，大型望远镜技术总体等。E-mail：gujianhgd@163.com

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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2021-12-27
- 修回日期: 2022-01-13
- 网络出版日期: 2022-04-19
- 刊出日期: 2022-05-20

An improved non-uniformity correction algorithm based on calibration

WANG Cheng-long^{1, 2
,},
WANG Chun-yang^{1, 3
, ,},
GU Jian^4
,,
Zhao Xin-yu²

1.
Changchun University of Science and Technology，Changchun 130022, China
2.
Changchun Institute of Optics, Fine Mechanics and Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130033, China
3.
Northwest Institutes of Advanced Technology, Xi’an Technological University, Xi’an 710072，China
4.
63768Unit of PLA, Xi’an 713800, China

Funds: Supported by National Defense Basic Scientific Research program of China (No.JCKY-2016411C006)

More Information

Corresponding author: chunyang.wang@136.com

摘要

摘要: 红外辐射测量系统的成像性能以及测量精度受到焦平面阵列非均匀性的严重影响，原始红外图像的非均匀性需通过后期图像处理算法进行校正。为进一步提高制冷型红外探测器的非均匀性校正（NUC）效果，本文提出了一种基于定标的非均匀性改进算法。该算法以单点定标和两点定标非均匀性校正方法为基础，既保留两点定标非均匀性校正方法增益校正系数的一致性优势，又结合了单点定标偏置校正系数的稳定性，使得改进算法具有更好的校正效果。为了验证该改进算法的校正效果，本文以640 pixel×512 pixel大小的制冷型中波红外探测器为研究对象，采用入瞳直径为25 mm的红外成像系统对提出的算法进行实验验证。实验结果表明：在1 ms积分时间下，单点定标方法、两点定标方法及改进算法校正后的图像非均匀性分别为1.7833%、0.2190%和0.1481%；2 ms积分时间下的非均匀性分别为1.8257%、2.2474%和1.6546%。改进算法整体上进一步降低了图像的非均匀性，校正效果更好、精度更高。
- 红外焦平面阵列 /
- 红外探测器 /
- 单点定标 /
- 两点定标 /
- 非均匀性校正
Abstract: The imaging performance and measurement accuracy of infrared radiation measurement systems are seriously affected by the non-uniformity of the focal plane array. Therefore, the non-uniformity of the raw infrared image needs to be corrected by the image processing algorithm. In order to further improve the Non-Uniformity Correction (NUC) effect of cooled infrared detectors, an improved non-uniformity algorithm based on calibration is proposed in this paper. The algorithm is based on the single-point calibration and the two-point calibration NUC methods, which not only retains the consistency advantage of the two-point calibration NUC method in gain correction coefficient, but also combines the stability of the single-point calibration in the offset correction coefficient. The improved algorithm has a better correction effect. In order to verify the correction effect of the improved algorithm, a cooled medium wave infrared detector with a size of 640 pixel×512 pixel is taken as the research object, and an infrared imaging system with a pupil diameter of 25 mm is used to verify the performance of the proposed algorithm. The experimental results show that under the 1ms integral time, the single-point calibration method, the two-point calibration method and the improved algorithm correct the image's non-uniformity to 1.7833%, 0.2190% and 0.1481%, respectively. And under the 2 ms integral time,they correct the image's non-uniformity to 1.8257%, 2.2474% and 1.6546%, respectively. The improved algorithm further reduces the image's non-uniformity more effectively, so it's correction effect is better and the accuracy is higher.
- infrared focal plane array /
- infrared detector /
- single-point calibration /
- two-point calibration /
- non-uniformity correction

HTML全文

图 1 面源黑体近距离辐射定标的能量传输

Figure 1. Energy transfer of near-range radiometric calibration of the area source blackbody

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图 2 两点定标非均匀性校正原理

Figure 2. Principle of two-point calibration NUC

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图 3 探测器定标拟合曲线

Figure 3. The calibration fitting curve of the detector

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图 4 （a）均匀辐射输入时，探测器的原始输出信号；（b）存在条纹的未校正的场景成像图

Figure 4. (a) The raw output signal of the detector at uniform radiation input; (b) an uncorrected scene image with stripes

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图 5 （a）图像采集系统示意图；（b）图像采集装置图

Figure 5. (a) Schematic diagram of image acquisition system; (b) image acquisition device

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图 6 积分时间为（a）1 ms和（b）2 ms的非均匀性校正结果

Figure 6. Results of NUC for different integral times. (a) 1ms; (b) 2 ms

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图 7 （a）未校正像元的非均匀性；（b）单点定标NUC像元的非均匀性；（c）两点定标NUC像元的非均匀性；（d）改进的 NUC像元的非均匀性

Figure 7. (a) NU of uncorrected pixels; (b) NU of pixels with single-point calibration NUC; (c) NU of pixels with two-point calibration NUC; (d) NU of pixels with improved NUC

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图 8 NUC改进算法校正前后的场景成像图

Figure 8. Scene images before and after being corrected by improved NUC algorithm

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图 9 （a）焦平面阵列的原始输出信号；（b）NUC改进算法校正后焦平面阵列的输出信号

Figure 9. (a) Raw output signal of FPA; (b) output signal of FPA after the correction by improved NUC algorithm

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表 1 制冷型红外相机参数

Table 1. Parameters of cooled infrared camera

Parameters	Requirement
Materials	HgCdTe
Spectral range	3.7 µm~4.8 µm
Aperture	f/2
Pixel size	15 µm×15 µm
Pixel depth	14
Resolution	640(H)×512(V)
Operating temperature	−40 °C~+60 °C

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表 2 面源黑体参数

Table 2. Parameters of area source blackbody

Parameters	Requirement
Blackbody emitter size	100 mm×100 mm
Temp. range	0 °C ~125 °C
Set point resolution	0.001 °C
Emissivity	0.98±0.02
Operating temp. head	−20 °C~70 °C
Operating temp. controller	0 °C ~50 °C

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表 3 NUC实验结果

Table 3. Results of NUC experiment

Integral time/ms	Blackbody temperature/°C	Non-uniformity/%
Integral time/ms	Blackbody temperature/°C	Uncorrected	Single-point NUC	Two-point NUC	Improved NUC
1	50	3.8453	1.0403	0.2437	0.1451
	60	3.9253	1.8394	0.2427	0.1695
	70	4.0417	2.4703	0.1704	0.1297
Average		3.9374	1.7833	0.2190	0.1481
2	50	3.8274	1.0697	1.7184	0.9707
	60	3.9642	1.8963	2.3016	1.7212
	70	4.0780	2.5112	2.7223	2.2718
Average		3.9565	1.8257	2.2474	1.6546

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