Effect of atmospheric turbulence on the tracking accuracy of high-resolution remote sensing satellites
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摘要:
本文重点研究相机口径、大气湍流强度和卫星轨高对高分辨率遥感卫星定位精度的影响。首先，基于Kolmogorov湍流理论建立对地观测大气湍流模型和湍流模拟方法；然后，仿真分析了相机口径、卫星轨道高度和大气相干长度对卫星定位精度的影响规律，推导出湍流波前倾斜与相机口径、卫星轨道高度和大气相干长度的普适公式；最后，基于该普适公式，得出卫星对地观测时抖动量的理论计算公式。本论文的研究可为后续高分辨率遥感卫星的设计、分析和评估提供大气湍流影响的理论依据。
Abstract:We focuse on the effects of camera aperture, atmospheric turbulence intensity and satellite orbit height on the tracking and positioning accuracy of high-resolution remote sensing satellites. Firstly, we establish a turbulence model and turbulence simulation method based on Kolmogorov turbulence theory for observation of the Earth. Then, the influence of camera aperture, satellite orbit height and atmospheric coherence length on the positioning accuracy of the satellite is simulated and analyzed, and then a universal formula is deduced to calculate the tilt aberration of turbulence wavefront. Finally, based on this universal formula, a theoretical formula for calculating jitter is derived for Earth observation. This work can provide a theoretical basis of the influence of atmospheric turbulence for the design, analysis and evaluation of high-resolution remote sensing satellites.
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图 1 （a）地对空成像示意图；（b）卫星对地成像示意图
Figure 1. Schematic diagrams of (a) ground-to-space imaging and (b) satellite-to-earth imaging
图 3 （a）第一层，（b）第二层，（c）第三层及（d）总的湍流波前畸变
Figure 3. (a) The first layer, (b) the second layer, (c) the third layer and (d) total distorted turbulents wavefronts
图 8 倾斜量随大气湍流强度和卫星轨高的变化关系
Figure 8. Variation of tilt with atmospheric turbulence intensity and satellite orbital height
图 10 不同参量值下的仿真与理论误差
Figure 10. Simulated and theoretical errors at different parameters
图 11 角度抖动量随轨高和大气相干长度的变化
Figure 11. Variation of angular jitter with satellite orbit height and atmospheric coherence length
表 1 随机选取的变量
Table 1. Randomly selected variables
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 D(m) 2 2 4 4 6 8 10 H(km) 100 400 300 200 700 1200 800 r0(cm) 5.6 8.6 5.6 15 7 3 11.7 
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