TDLAS气体激光遥测高灵敏光电探测电路设计

裴梓伊; 胡朋兵; 潘孙强; 戚海洋; 刘素梅; 刘东

doi:10.37188/CO.2023-0107

TDLAS气体激光遥测高灵敏光电探测电路设计

doi: 10.37188/CO.2023-0107

裴梓伊^{1, 2,},
胡朋兵^{2, 3},
潘孙强^{2, 3},
戚海洋^{2, 3},
刘素梅^{2, 3},
刘东^1, ,

1.
浙江大学光电科学与工程学院极端光学技术与仪器全国重点实验室, 浙江杭州310027
2.
浙江省计量科学研究院, 浙江杭州310018
3.
浙江省能源与环境保护计量检测重点实验室, 浙江杭州310018

基金项目: 2022 年度“尖兵”“领雁”研发攻关计划项目（No. 2022C03065，No. 2022C03162，No. 2022C03084）；浙江省市场监督管理局雏鹰计划培育项目（No. CY2023001）；浙江省市场监督管理局科研计划项目（No. QN2023419）

详细信息

作者简介:
裴梓伊（1998—），男，辽宁葫芦岛人，硕士研究生，2021年于哈尔滨工业大学获得学士学位，主要研究方向为光学检测技术。E-mail：ziyipei@zju.edu.cn

刘　东（1982—），男，辽宁大连人，教授，博士，博士生导师，2005年、2010年于浙江大学分别获得学士、博士学位，曾在美国宇航局（NASA）从事博士后研究工作。主要研究方向为光学检测、激光雷达、机器视觉、深度学习。E-mail：liudongopt@zju.edu.cn

中图分类号: O433.1；O433.4
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2023-06-25
- 修回日期: 2023-07-20
- 网络出版日期: 2023-11-23

Design of a highly sensitive photoelectric detection circuit for TDLAS gas laser telemetry

PEI Zi-yi^{1, 2
,},
HU Peng-bing^{2, 3},
PAN Sun-qiang^{2, 3},
QI Hai-yang^{2, 3},
LIU Su-mei^{2, 3},
LIU Dong^{1
, ,}

1.
State Key Laboratory of Extreme Photonics and Instrumentation, College of Optical Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
2.
Zhejiang Institute of Metrology, Hangzhou 310018, China
3.
Key Laboratory of Energy and Environmental Protection Measurement of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou 310018, China

Funds: Supported by the“Pioneer” and “Leading Goose” R&D Program of Zhejiang (No. 2022C03065，No. 2022C03162，No. 2022C03084); Science and Technology Plan Program, Eagle Plan Training Program of Marketing Surveillance & Administration Bureau of Zhejiang Province (No. QN2023419, No. CY2023001)

More Information

Corresponding author: liudongopt@zju.edu.cn

摘要

摘要:
针对气体激光遥测光信号微弱、环境因素干扰强等特点，结合波长调制技术，设计和研究了用于TDLAS激光遥测的高灵敏度光电探测电路(Highly Sensitive Photoelectric Detection Circuit, HSPDC)。基于波长调制技术，确定了TDLAS信号噪声抑制方法；采用光电二极管理想模型，分析了光电探测电路的线性响应特性并确定了光电二极管的关键参数；基于级联放大原理设计、仿真并对HSPDC进行测试。结果表明：所设计HSPDC的光功率检测下限为0.11 nW，信号衰减仅为0.79 dB(f=10 kHz)，截止频率较现有10⁸ V/A跨阻放大电路高一个数量级，可用于高速调制微弱光信号的探测。搭建了气体激光遥测系统，当调制频率为3 kHz时，激光遥测系统获得了良好的检测性能，检测灵敏度达到88.66 mV/ppm，检测限优于0.565 ppm，线性拟合度R²为0.9996。研究表明，研制的HSPDC光电探测电路具有响应速度快、检测灵敏度高等优点，可集成化，能满足气体激光遥测应用需求。
- 光电探测 /
- 跨阻放大 /
- TDLAS /
- 开放光路 /
- 激光遥测
Abstract:
Aming at the characterstics of weak gas laser telemetry optical signals and strong interference from environmental factors, a Highly Sensitive Photoelectric Detection Circuit (HSPDC) for TDLAS laser telemetry based on wavelength modulation technology has been designed and investigated. In addition, a noise suppression method for TDLAS signals based on wavelength modulation technology was determined. The photodiode ideal model is utilized to analyze the linear response characteristics of the photodetector circuit and determine the essential photodiode parameters. Based on the cascade amplification principle, the HSPDC is designed, simulated, and tested, achieving a lower limit of optical power detection of 0.11 nW, a signal attenuation of 0.79 dB (f=10 kHz). The cutoff frequency is one order of magnitude higher than the existing 10⁸ V/A cross-impedance amplification circuit. Therefore, the HSPDC is applicable for high-speed modulation of weak optical signals. The laser telemetry system exhibits excellent detection performance at a modulation frequency of 3 kHz, with a detection sensitivity of 88.66 mV/ppm, a detection limit of less than 0.565 ppm, and a linear fit R² of 0.9996. The study demonstrates that the HSPDC photoelectric detection circuit has the advantages of fast response, high detection sensitivity and accuracy. Thus, it can be integrated to meet the needs of gas laser telemetry applications.
- photoelectric detection /
- transimpedance amplification /
- TDLAS /
- open light path /
- laser telemetry

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图 1 各次谐波信号。(a)奇次谐波信号；(b)偶次谐波信号

Figure 1. Each harmonic signal. (a) Odd harmonic signal; (b) even harmonic signals

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图 2 PIN 光电二极管等效模型

Figure 2. Equivalent model of PIN photodiode

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图 3 不同R_d时I-I_L 响应关系。(a) R_d=10 kΩ； (b) R_d=100 kΩ； (c) R_d=1 MΩ

Figure 3. I-I_L response relationship with different R_d values. (a) R_d=10 kΩ; (b) R_d=100 kΩ; (c) R_d=1 MΩ

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图 4 光电探测电路原理示意图。(a) 跨阻放大电路；(b) 负反馈放大电路；(c) BW滤波电路

Figure 4. Schematic diagram of photoelectric detection circuit. (a) Cross resistance amplification circuit; (b) negative feedback amplification circuit; (c) BW filtering circuit

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图 5 光电探测电路仿真结果。(a) 各级放大电路输出信号；(b) 增益及相位频率响应特性

Figure 5. Photoelectric detection circuit simulation results. (a) Output signals of each stage of amplification circuit; (b) frequency response characteristic of gain and phase

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图 6 氨气激光遥测系统结构示意图

Figure 6. Structural diagram of ammonia laser telemetry system

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图 7 暗电流噪声信号。(a) HSPDC噪声；(b) TLB PDC 噪声

Figure 7. Dark current noise signal. (a) HSPDC noise; (b) TLB PDC noise

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图 8 遥测距离变化时系统输出信号。(a) HSPDC 输出信号；(b) TLB PDC 输出信号

Figure 8. System output signals when telemetry distance changes. (a) HSPDC output signal; (b) TLB PDC output signal

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图 9 二次谐波峰峰值及标准偏差随距离变化曲线

Figure 9. Curves of the second harmonic peak-to-peak value and standard deviation changing with distance

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图 10 信号峰峰值随调制频率变化曲线

Figure 10. Variation in signal peak-to-peak value with frequency

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图 11 系统输出二次谐波波形。(a) 气体浓度0.2%； (b) 气体浓度1%； (c) 气体浓度2%

Figure 11. System output second harmonic waveforms. (a) Gas concentration 0.2%; (b) gas concentration 1%; (c) gas concentration 2%

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图 12 调制信号为 1 kHz和 3 kHz时系统浓度响应特性曲线

Figure 12. System concentration response characteristic curves when modulation signal is 1 kHz and 3 kHz

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