A benchmark construction method for large aperture circular segmented optical systems
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摘要:
为了更好地对大口径分段望远镜进行集成检测与稳定性保持基准构建，本文提出一种大口径环形分段光学系统基准构建方法。首先，采用局部光瞳投射的方式实现光瞳对准映射；其次，利用微透镜阵列构建系统共焦空间基准；之后，基于环带整体调控模式，采用共焦与曲率半径联合分析，实现曲率半径与系统对准的共同调节；最后，利用白光干涉所形成的条纹包络进行粗共相探测，并利用通道光谱方法实现粗共相与精共相间的精度衔接，空间共焦基准定位精度优于125 μm，共相基准覆盖范围优于20 μm，精度优于0.5 μm，光谱基准不确定度优于5%。实现了不同时空特征扰动的分层次、多模态抑制，利用以上共基准原位测量新方法有效提升了光学系统原位计量检测精度并缩短了溯源链长度，增加了检测效率与准确度。
Abstract:To realize integration detection and construct stability maintaining benchmark for large apertures of segmented telescopes, we propose a benchmark construction method. In this study, we use local pupil projection to perform pupil alignment mapping. In addition, we construct a system confocal spatial benchmark using a microlens array. On the basis of annular whole-body control mode, a joint analysis method of confocal and curvature radius enables joint adjustment of the curvature radius and system alignment. Finally, the stripe envelope formed by white light interference is used for coarse common phases detection, and the channel spectral method is used to obtain precise connection between coarse and fine common phases. Additionally, the spatial confocal reference positioning exhibits an accuracy of less than 125 μm, and the common phase reference has a coverage range better than 0.5 μm within a 20-μm-range. Furthermore, the uncertainty of the spectral reference is less than 5%. We have effectively improved the accuracy of optical system in-situ measurement by achieving hierarchical and multimodal suppression of disturbances from different spatiotemporal features. We have shortened the length of the traceability chain and increased the efficiency and accuracy of detection by utilizing the new method of common reference in-situ measurement.
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Key words:
- segmented mirror /
- wavefront aberration /
- common reference /
- large aperture telescope
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图 1 大口径分段镜光瞳对准基准。(a) 实验平台；（b）采样区域分布图；(c)~（e） 倾斜所带来的光瞳强度变化与边界偏移
Figure 1. Pupil alignment benchmark of large aperture segmented Mirror. (a) Experimental platform; (b) sampling area distribution; (c)~(e) changes in pupil intensity and boundary offset caused by tilting
图 4 共相测试验证实验。(a) 测量原理；(b)~(d) 宽带干涉条纹；(e)~(f) 窄带干涉条纹
Figure 4. Co-phase testing verification. (a) Experimental principle; (b)~(d) broadband interference fringes; (e)~(f) narrow band interference fringes
图 5 光纤互联大范围间距测试验证实验。(a) 实验原理示意图；（b）~（e）不同入射波长下的光纤模态
Figure 5. Verification experiment of large-scale spacing testing for fiber interconnections. (a) Experimental principle; (b)~(e) fiber modes at different incident wavelengths
图 6 光子灯笼光谱测试验证实验。（a）~（c）1530 nm下，少模端模场分布与两方向截面；（d）~（f）1550 nm下，少模端模场分布与两方向截面；(g)~(i) 1570 nm下，少模端模场分布与两方向截面
Figure 6. Photon lantern spectrum testing verification. (a)~(c) At 1530 nm, the distribution of few-mode end mode field and cross sections; (d)~(f) at 1550 nm, the distribution of few-mode end mode field and cross sections; (g)~(i) at 1570 nm, the distribution of few-mode end mode field and cross sections
图 3 曲率半径定标验证。（a）环带检测原理图；（b）实验平台；（c）光强差分；（d）像差估计
Figure 3. Verification of curvature radius measurement standard. (a) Ring detection principle diagram; (b) experimental platform; (c) light intensity difference; (d) aberration estimation
图 2 基于微透镜阵列的共焦检测结果。(a)系统原理图；（b）实验现场；（c）原始焦面光强分布；（d）~(f)不同共焦状态焦面光强分布；（g）~(i)光强差分
Figure 2. Co-focus detection results based on micro-lens array. (a) System schematic diagram; (b) experimental site; (c) intensity distribution of original focal plane; (d)~(f) intensity distribution of focal plane at different co-focus states; (g)~(i) intensity difference
图 7 仿真分析测试验证结果。（a）焦前光强分布；（b）焦后光强分布；（c）光强差分；（c）重建波前；（d）原始波前
Figure 7. Simulation analysis test verification results. (a) Intra-focal light intensity distribution; (b) extra-focal light intensity distribution; (c) light intensity difference; (c) reconstruction wavefront; (d) original wavefront
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