强光背景下主动偏振成像方法

史浩东; 许家伟; 张健; 吴洪波; 王超; 刘壮; 战俊彤; 李英超; 付强

doi:10.37188/CO.2023-0151

强光背景下主动偏振成像方法

doi: 10.37188/CO.2023-0151

史浩东^{1, 2,},
许家伟^{1, 2, ,},
张健²,
吴洪波³,
王超^{1, 2},
刘壮^{1, 2},
战俊彤^{1, 2},
李英超^{1, 2},
付强^{1, 2}

1.
长春理工大学吉林省空间光电技术重点实验室, 吉林长春 130022
2.
长春理工大学光电工程学院, 吉林长春 130022
3.
中国科学院长春光学精密机械与物理研究所, 吉林长春 130033

基金项目: 吉林省科技发展计划项目（No. YDZJ202301ZYTS417）

详细信息

作者简介:
史浩东（1989—），男，吉林长春人，博士，副研究员，博士生导师，吉林省青年托举工程人才，2017年于长春理工大学获得博士学位，主要从事先进光学系统设计及偏振探测技术方面的研究。E-mail：shihaodong08@163.com

中图分类号: O436.3
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2023-08-30
- 修回日期: 2023-09-12
- 网络出版日期: 2023-12-08

Active polarization imaging method under strong light background

SHI Hao-dong^{1, 2
,},
XU Jia-wei^{1, 2
, ,},
ZHANG Jian²,
WU Hong-bo³,
WANG Chao^{1, 2},
LIU Zhuang^{1, 2},
ZHAN Jun-tong^{1, 2},
LI Ying-chao^{1, 2},
FU Qiang^{1, 2}

1.
Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Space Optoelectronics Technology, Changchun University of Science and Technology, Changchun 130022, China
2.
School of Opto-Electronic Engineering, Changchun University of Science and Technology, Changchun 130022, China
3.
Changchun Institute of Optics, Fine Mechanics and Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130033, China

Funds: Supported by the Jilin Scientific and Technological Development Program (No. YDZJ202301ZYTS417)

More Information

Corresponding author: xjw759785402@163.com

摘要

摘要:
针对传统光电探测方法在强光背景下目标探测对比度低的问题，本文提出一种基于激光照明的主动偏振成像方法。首先构建激光入射双向反射分布模型、激光入射偏振双向反射分布模型以及激光照明的目标表面偏振度模型，并分析3种典型目标材料偏振特性与束散角之间的耦合关系。然后在暗室可控条件下开展逆光观测实验，验证目标偏振特性受激光束散角的影响。实验结果表明：强光背景下主动偏振成像目标对比度与传统被动强度成像相比提升了86.11%，不同束散角下不同目标材料的可见光偏振特性间存在差异，金属材质相对于非金属材质的线偏振度提升更高，实验结果与理论分析具有较好的一致性。最后，在室外开展太阳逆光观测实验，验证了研究方法在室外高强光、远距离下依旧具有适用性。本研究为提升强光背景下的目标精准感知能力奠定了理论基础。
- 激光束散角 /
- 强背景光 /
- 可见光偏振特性 /
- 偏振双向反射分布函数 /
- 偏振度
Abstract:
In this study, we propose an active polarization imaging method based on laser illumination to tackle the issue of low target detection contrast in strong light backgrounds, which is a challenge in conventional photoelectric detection. Through constructing a laser incident bidirectional reflection distribution model, a laser incident polarization bidirectional reflection distribution model and a target surface polarization model of laser illumination, the coupling relationship between the polarization characteristics of three typical target materials and the divergence angle of a laser beam is analyzed. Backlight observation experiments are conducted in a controlled darkroom to verify the impact of the scattering angle of the laser beam on the polarization characteristics of the target. The experimental results show an 86.11% increase in target contrast for active polarization imaging under strong light background compared to traditional passive intensity imaging. Additionally, the visible polarization characteristics of different target materials vary with different divergence angles, and the line polarization of metallic materials is higher than that of non-metallic materials. The experimental results are in good agreement with the theoretical analysis. The outdoor solar backlight observation experiment verifies the applicability of the research method in high-intensity light and long-distance settings. This study can lay a theoretical foundation for improving accurate target perception under a strong light background.
- laser beam divergence angle /
- strong background light /
- visible light polarization /
- polarization bidirectional reflection distribution function /
- degree of polarization

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图 1 辐射模型角度示意图

Figure 1. Schematic diagram of radiation model angle

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 2 不同目标在入射角为20°时的线偏振度分布。（a）金色聚酰亚胺薄膜；（b）铝板；（c）太阳能电池板

Figure 2. The distribution of Dolp of different targets at the incident angle of 20°. (a) Gold polyimide film; (b) aluminum plate; (c) solar panels

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图 3 实验原理图

Figure 3. Experimental schematic diagram

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图 4 暗室积分球逆光实验装置图

Figure 4. Darkroom integrating sphere backlighting experiment setup

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图 5 逆光状态下金色聚酰亚胺薄膜、铝板、太阳能电池板（从左到右）非偏与偏振图像对比图。（a）、（b）、（c）非偏图像（d）、（e）、（f）偏振图像

Figure 5. Comparison of unpolarized and polarized images of gold polyimide film, aluminum plate, and solar panel (from left to right) under backlight state. (a), (b) and (c) are unpolarized images and (d), (e) and (f) are polarized images

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图 6 不同目标在不同束散角下观测角为30°时的偏振度分布特征。（a）金色聚酰亚胺薄膜；（b）铝板；（c）太阳能电池板

Figure 6. Polarization distribution characteristics of different targets at 30° observation angle with different beam dispersion angles for (a) gold polyimide film, (b) aluminum plate and (c) solar panels

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图 7 不同目标在90°观测角时在不同束散角下的线偏振度变化曲线。（a）金色聚酰亚胺薄膜；（b）铝板；（c）太阳能电池板

Figure 7. Variation curves of linear polarization at different divergence angles for different targets at 90° observation angle. (a) Gold polyimide film. (b) Aluminum plate; (c) Solar panels

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图 8 铝板在同一观测角和入射角、不同束散角下线偏振度随光斑半径变化曲线

Figure 8. The curve of spot radius versus linear polarization for aluminum plate at the same observation angle, the same incident angle and the different beam scattering angle

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图 9 实验仿真对比图

Figure 9. The comparison of experimental and simulation results

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图 10 室外太阳逆光实验现场图

Figure 10. Outdoor sun backlight experimental site

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图 11 室外太阳背景下不同探测器得到的图像。（a）可见光工业相机；（b）偏振低照度相机

Figure 11. Images captured by (a) visible light industrial cameras and (b) polarized low illumination cameras under outdoor sun background

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表 1 定标实验结果

Table 1. Results of calibration experiments

定标参数	参数数值
积分球输出功率/mW	20.920
激光输出功率/W	2.080
偏振片消光比	0.517
黑布吸收率	0.996

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表 2 成像、照明系统的主要技术参数

Table 2. Main technical parameters of imaging and lighting systems

系统	指标	参数
可见光偏振相机	响应波段/μm	$0.3 \sim 0.7 $
	镜头焦距/mm	15
	光圈数	2.8
	靶面分辨率	$2\;464 \times 2\;056$
	像元尺寸/μm	3.45
	灵敏度/lx	0.01
白光激光器	输出波段/μm	$0.3 \sim 0.7$
	电功率/W	$\geqslant10$
	束散角/(°)	$ 3 \sim 11$
	输出流明值/lm	$ \geqslant 230$
	输出光功率/W	2

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表 3 强光背景下不同目标的实验结果

Table 3. Experimental results of different targets under strong background light

目标	图像对比度
目标	非偏图像	线偏振度图像
金色聚酰亚胺薄膜	0.36	0.65
铝板	0.45	0.80
太阳能电池板	0.24	0.48

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表 5 室外强光背景下不同探测模式的实验结果

Table 5. Experimental results of different detection modes under strong outdoor light background

目标	图像对比度
目标	非偏图像	偏振图像
无人机	0.03	0.24

下载: 导出CSV

表 4 成像系统主要技术参数

Table 4. Main technical parameters of imaging system

相机类型	指标	参数
可见光工业相机	响应波段/μm	$0.3 \sim 0.7$
	镜头焦距/mm	25
	光圈数	16
	靶面分辨率	$2\;046 \times 2\;046 $
	像元尺寸/μm	5.5
	灵敏度/lx	0.01
低照度相机	响应波段/μm	$0.3 \sim 0.7$
	镜头焦距/mm	25
	光圈数	16
	靶面分辨率	$1\;920 \times 1\;080$
	像元尺寸/μm	12
	灵敏度/lx	10⁻⁴

下载: 导出CSV

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