Influence of flow channel structure on characteristics of laser diode pumped flowing-gas rubidium vapor laser
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摘要:
为研究气体流道结构对半导体泵浦流动碱金属蒸气激光器（FDPAL）输出性能的影响，本文结合FDPAL中气体传热、流体力学和激光动力学过程建立了FDPAL理论模型，以侧面泵浦Rb蒸气FDPAL（Rb-FDPAL）为仿真对象，分析气体流动方向、流道横截面积和流道形状等对Rb-FDPAL输出性能的影响。结果表明，采用横流方式，通过提高流道横截面积并将气体流道与蒸气池连接部位设置为砌体结构时，蒸气内涡流得到有效抑制，气体流速增加，蒸气池内热效应更小，Rb-FDPAL的激光输出功率和斜率效率更高，仿真结果与实验相符。
Abstract:In order to study the influence of the gas flow channel structure on the output performance of the flowing-gas diode pumped alkali vapor laser (FDPAL), we established the FDPAL theoretical model based on the gas heat transfer, fluid mechanics, and laser dynamics process in FDPAL using side pumping Rb vapor FDPAL (Rb-FDPAL) as the simulation object. The impacts of the gas flow direction, the cross-sectional area and the shape of the runner on the Rb-FDPAL’s output performance were analyzed. The results show that with the horizontal flow method and by increasing the cross-sectional area of the flow channel and setting a masonry structure as the connection between the gas flow channel and the steam pool, we effectively suppress the vortex in the vapor, increase the gas flow rate, and decrease the thermal effect of the steam pool. Rb-FDPAL's laser output power and slope efficiency are higher, and the simulation results are consistent with the experiment.
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Key words:
- high power laser /
- gas laser /
- DPAL /
- gas flow
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图 3 Rb-FDPAL工作气体的4种流动方向
Figure 3. Four flow directions of circulating gases in Rb-FDPAL
图 4 不同气体流速时，4种流动方向下激光输出功率随泵浦功率的变化情况
Figure 4. The change of laser output power with pump power under four flow directions at different gas flow rates
图 5 当泵浦功率为10000 W、进气口初始速度为10 m/s时，4种气体流动方向下的三维温度和流动分布
Figure 5. Three-dimensional temperature distribution and flow distribution under four gas flow directions when pump power is 10000 W and the initial air inlet velocity is 10 m/s
图 6 当泵浦功率为10000 W、进气口初始速度为10 m/s时，4种气体流动方向下的三维流场分布
Figure 6. Three-dimensional flow field distribution under four gas flow directions when the pump power is 10000 W and the initial air inlet velocity is 10 m/s
图 7 LD侧面泵浦Rb-FDPAL的3种流道横截面积
Figure 7. Three diagrams of channel cross-sectional areas of LD side-pumped Rb-FDPAL
图 8 不同气体流速时，4种流道横截面积下，激光输出功率与泵浦功率之间的关系
Figure 8. The relationship between laser output power and pump power at different gas flow rates and four kinds of channel cross-sectional areas
图 10 当泵浦功率为10000 W、进气口初始速度为10 m/s时，3种流道结构下的三维流场分布
Figure 10. Three-dimensional flow field distribution for three flow channel structures when the pump power is 10000 W and the initial air inlet velocity is 10 m/s
图 9 当泵浦功率为10000 W、进气口初始速度为10 m/s时，v、vi、vii流道结构的三维温度分布
Figure 9. Three-dimensional temperature distribution for three flow channel structures when the pump power is 10000 W and the initial air inlet velocity is 10 m/s
图 11 流道横截面积为81 cm2的vii结构优化前后对比图。（a）优化前；（b）优化后
Figure 11. Comparison of the vii structure with the cross-sectional area of 81 cm2 (a) before and (b) after optimization
图 12 不同气体流速时，vii、viii结构下，激光输出功率与泵浦功率之间的关系
Figure 12. The relationship between laser output power and pump power at different gas flow rates under vii and viii structures
图 13 (a) vii和(b) viii结构下的三维温度分布
Figure 13. Three-dimensional temperature distributions under structures (a) vii and (b) viii
图 14 (a) vii和(b) viii结构下的三维流场分布
Figure 14. Three-dimensional flow field distributions under structures (a) vii and (b) viii
图 15 池内平均粒子数浓度随流速变化情况
Figure 15. The average particle number concentration in the cell as a function of flow velocity
图 16 流道结构为vii，增益区长度为5 cm时激光光斑图。（a）二维图；（b）三维图
Figure 16. The laser spot pattern for the channel structure vii with the gain zone length of 5 cm. (a) 2D; (b) 3D
表 1 缓冲气体的恒压热容、粘滞系数和导热系数[22]
Table 1. Partial thermophysical properties of buffer gases
缓冲气体 恒压热容
(J·kg−1·K−1)粘滞系数
(Pa·s)导热系数
(W·m−1·K−1)氦 5193.2 3×10−8×T+1×10−5 0.0003×T+0.0897 乙烷 3.9×T+600.3 3×10−8×T+2×10−5 0.0002×T−0.035 
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表 2 循环流动Rb-FDPAL仿真参数
Table 2. Parameters of gas flowing diode pumped rubidium laser
参数 值 参数 值 泵浦光中心波长(nm) 780 蒸气池增益长度(cm) 5 泵浦光光斑大小(cm×cm) 5×0.2 反射镜M3反射率 99% 泵浦光线宽(GHz) 30 耦合输出镜M4反射率 50% 缓冲气体压强(atm) 1 流动气体初始温度(K) 393.15
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表 3 不同流道结构的实验结果对比
Table 3. Comparison of the experimental results for different flow channel structures
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