Design of a medium-wave infrared zoom optical system with low tolerance sensitivity, large zoom ratio, and extremely short total length
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摘要:
目前中波红外变焦系统在大变倍比，长焦距变焦条件下，难以在极短总长的条件下具备较低敏感度。针对这一问题，本文通过合理分配非球面和衍射面，采用独立组元低敏感度设计方法，设计出一套无需折叠光路，总长仅有337 mm的低敏感度中波红外变焦光学系统。通过降低各个组元的像差从而降低系统公差敏感度。该系统具有30倍大变倍比，可实现30～900 mm的长焦距连续变焦。该系统具有变倍比大、长焦距变焦、极短总长以及低敏感度并且全焦距范围内像质良好等优点，对在狭小空间内进行目标识别、跟踪、探测等方面，具有较大的应用优势。
Abstract:In response to the current problem of difficulty in achieving extremely short total length and low sensitivity in medium wave infrared zoom systems under conditions of large zoom ratio and long focal length, we design a low-sensitivity medium wave infrared zoom optical system with a total length of only 337 mm and no need for folding optical paths, through the rational allocation of aspherical and diffractive surfaces, as well as adopting a low sensitivity design method for independent components. By reducing the aberration of each component, the system tolerance sensitivity is achieved. The system achieves a 30x zoom ratio and continuous zoom with a long focal length of 30-900 mm. The system has advantages such as a large zoom ratio, long focal length zoom, extremely short total length, low sensitivity, and good image quality within the entire focal length range. It has significant application advantages for military applications such as target recognition, tracking, and detection in narrow spaces.
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图 1 不同焦距下系统理想透镜结构图
Figure 1. Structural diagram of ideal lens in the system at different focal lengths
图 2 系统900 mm焦距下初始结构示意图
Figure 2. Schematic diagram of the system’s initial structure at a focal length of 900 mm
图 3 不同焦距下系统结构示意图
Figure 3. Structral diagram of the designed system at different focal lengths
图 4 降敏前不同焦距下MTF曲线
Figure 4. MTF curves at different focal lengths before desensitization
图 5 降敏前不同焦距下的畸变曲线
Figure 5. Distortion curves at different focal lengths before desensitization
图 6 不同焦距下降敏前后公差分析结果
Figure 6. Tolerance analysis results before and after desensitization at different focal lengths
图 7 各组元公差最敏感参数变化图
Figure 7. Diagram of the most sensitive parameter changes in each component’s tolerances
图 8 降敏后不同焦距下MTF曲线
Figure 8. MTF curves at different focal lengths after desensitization
图 9 降敏后不同焦距下畸变曲线
Figure 9. Distortion curves at different focal lengths after desensitization
表 1 光学设计参数
Table 1. Optical design parameters
Parameter Value Spectral range/μm 3～4.8 Focal length range/mm 30～900 System magnification 30×continuous Subsystem F# 4 Total system length/mm 337 
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表 2 各组元的焦距
Table 2. Focal length of each component
$ {f}_{1}^{\mathrm{\text{'}}} $/mm $ {f}_{2}^{\mathrm{\text{'}}} $/mm $ {f}_{3}^{\mathrm{\text{'}}} $/mm $ {f}_{4}^{\mathrm{\text{'}}} $/mm 428.6735 − 67.4089 94.3725 − 317.6971
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表 3 各组元之间的距离
Table 3. Distance between components
长焦(900 mm) 中焦(550 mm) 短焦(30 mm) $ {d}_{12} $/mm 305.0904 293.8556 13.4818 $ {d}_{23} $/mm 26.9860 53.9271 405.9571 $ {d}_{34} $/mm 98.5523 82.8460 11.1899
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