基于联合仿真的电润湿三液体透镜结构参数优选方法

黄鹏; 宋跃; 周斐强; 周益航; 何国强; 谢中毅; 张鑫龙

doi:10.37188/CO.2024-0130

基于联合仿真的电润湿三液体透镜结构参数优选方法

doi: 10.37188/CO.2024-0130

cstr: 32171.14.CO.2024-0130

桂林理工大学机械与控制工程学院广西高校先进制造与自动化技术重点实验室, 广西桂林 541006

基金项目: 广西科技计划资助项目（No. AB22035041）；梧州市中央引导地方科技发展资金项目（No. 202201001）；桂林理工大学科研启动基金资助（No. GUTQDJJ2016014）

详细信息

作者简介:
黄　鹏（1981—），男，湖南衡阳人，博士，副教授，2016年于浙江大学获得博士学位，主要从事机器视觉及液体光子器件方面的研究。 E-mail： hp1981hp@sina.com.cn

宋　跃（1999—），男，安徽人，硕士研究生，2021年于淮阴工学院获得学士学位，主要从事液体光子器件及机器视觉方面的研究。 E-mail：1028296135@qq.com

周斐强（1999—），男，江苏人，硕士研究生，2022年于中国地质大学（武汉）获得学士学位，主要从事液体光子器件及机器视觉方面的研究。 E-mail：2313783480@qq.com

周益航（2000—），男，河南人，硕士研究生，2022年于黑龙江科技大学获得学士学位，主要从事机器视觉及液体光子器件方面的研究。 E-mail：1667624249@qq.com

何国强（1998—），男，重庆人，硕士研究生，2021年于宁夏大学获得学士学位，主要从事机器视觉及液体光子器件方面的研究。 E-mail：1481125966@qq.com

谢中毅（2000—），男，浙江人，硕士研究生，2023年于桂林理工大学获得学士学位，主要从事机器视觉及液体光子器件方面的研究。 E-mail：3442649853@qq.com

张鑫龙（2000—），男，河南人，硕士研究生，2023年于华南农业大学珠江学院获学士学位，主要从事机器视觉及液体光子器件方面的研究。 E-mail：804823655@qq.com

中图分类号: O439
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2024-07-12
- 修回日期: 2024-08-05
- 录用日期: 2024-09-24
- 网络出版日期: 2024-10-16

Optimizing structural parameters of electrowetting triple-liquid lens based on joint simulation technology

Key Laboratory of Advanced Manufacturing and Automation Technology in Guangxi Universities, School of Mechanical and Control Engineering, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin 541006, China

Funds: Supported by Guangxi Science and Technology Program (No. AB22035041）; Wuzhou Central Leading Local Science and Technology Development Fund (No. 202201001); Guilin University of Technology Scientific Research Startup Fundation (No. GUTQDJJ2016014)

More Information

Corresponding author: hp1981hp@sina.com.cn

摘要

摘要:
电润湿三液体透镜具有优秀的变焦性能，但其结构复杂度和设计难度较大，因此，本文提出了一种基于联合仿真的电润湿三液体透镜结构参数优选方法。在设计某三液体透镜时，利用Comsol和Zemax软件建立了不同结构参数下的三液体透镜仿真模型，得到了其在不同电压下的焦距，分析了高度和锥度对变焦范围和初始焦距的影响，确定了变焦范围最大且初始焦距最长的一组结构参数。为了验证该方法的可靠性，制备了不同高度和锥度的三液体透镜模型，并进行变焦实验。仿真与实验结果表明：三液体透镜的初始焦距与高度和锥度正相关；变焦范围与锥度正相关，但高度为主要影响因素；当高度为12 mm，锥度为20°时，透镜变焦范围最大，初始焦距最长。当锥度小于15°时，仿真与实验结果的吻合度较高。
- 电润湿三液体透镜 /
- 联合仿真 /
- 变焦实验 /
- 参数优选
Abstract:
The electrowetting triple-liquid lens has excellent zoom performance, but its structural complexity and design difficulty are relatively high. Therefore, we propose a method for optimizing the structural parameters of the electrowetting triple-liquid lens based on joint simulation. To design a triple-liquid lens, Comsol and Zemax software are used to establish triple-liquid lens simulation models under different structural parameters, and its focal lengths under different voltages are obtained. The effects of height and taper on zoom range and initial focal length are analyzed, and a set of structural parameters with the maximum zoom range and the longest initial focal length is determined. To verify the method’s reliability, we prepare the triple-liquid lens models with different heights and tapers, and conduct zoom experiments. The simulation and experimental results show that the initial focal length of the triple-liquid lens correlates positively with height and taper; the zoom range correlates positively with taper, but height is the main influencing factor. When the height is 12 mm and the taper is 20°, the lens has the most extensive zoom range and the longest initial focal length. When the taper is less than 15°, the simulation and experimental results are highly consistent.
- electrowetting triple-liquid lens /
- joint simulation /
- zoom experiment /
- parameter optimization

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图 1 介电润湿效应的原理图

Figure 1. Principle diagram of dielectric wetting on the medium

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图 2 某电润湿三液体透镜截面图

Figure 2. Cross section of a electrowetting triple-liquid zoom lens

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图 3 结构参数优选流程图

Figure 3. Flowchart of structural parameter optimization

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图 4 仿真的液体界面

Figure 4. Simulated liquid interface

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图 5 三液体透镜的光路图

Figure 5. Optical path diagram of triple-liquid lens

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图 6 仿真初始焦距随(a)高度和(b)锥度的变化关系图

Figure 6. Simulated initial focal length as a function of (a) height and (b) taper

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图 7 仿真变焦范围随(a)高度和(b)锥度的变化关系图

Figure 7. Diagrams of simulated zoom range as a function of (a) height and (b) taper

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图 8 三液体透镜实物图

Figure 8. Physical image of a triple-liquid lens

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图 9 焦距测量装置

Figure 9. Focal length measurement device

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图 10 实验中不同电压下的焦距

Figure 10. Focal lengths at different voltages in the experiment

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图 11 初始焦距随(a)高度和(b)锥度的变化关系图

Figure 11. Diagrams of initial focal length as a function of (a) height and (b) taper

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图 12 变焦范围随(a)高度和(b)锥度的变化关系图

Figure 12. Diagrams of zoom range as a function of (a) height and (b) taper

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图 13 仿真与实验的初始焦距误差

Figure 13. Initial focal length error in simulation and experiments

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图 14 仿真与实验的变焦范围误差

Figure 14. Zoom range error in simulation and experiments

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表 1 参数设置

Table 1. Parameter settings

Parameter	Value	Remark
$ {\gamma }_{1} $/N·m⁻¹	0.05	Surface tension1 ([EMIm][NTf2]＆C12H25Br)
$ {\gamma }_{2} $/N·m⁻¹	0.069	Surface tension2 (C12H25Br＆1%SDS)
$ \varepsilon $	3.15	Relative dielectric constant
$ {\theta }_{0} $/°	80	Zero voltage contact angle ([EMIm][NTf2]＆C12H25Br)
$ {\theta }_{1} $/°	65	Zero voltage contact angle (C12H25Br＆1%SDS)
$ d $/μm	8	Dielectric thickness

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表 2 液体参数设置

Table 2. Liquid parameter settings

Liquid	Density/kg·m⁻³	Refractive index	Viscosity/10⁻³Pa·s
[EMIm][NTf2]	1380	1.4227	32.00
C12H25Br	1039	1.458	3.60
1%SDS	1000	1.335	2.70

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表 3 偶次非球面系数

Table 3. Even aspherical coefficients

Even asphere	b	c	d	e
Lower interface Upper interface	0.099 0.106	0.001 0.002	0 0	0 0

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表 4 系统的结构参数

Table 4. Structural parameters of proposed system

Surface	Type	Radius	Thickness	Glass	Semi- diameter
OBJ	Standard	Infinity	Infinity		0
STO	Standard	Infinity	0.5	K9	2
2	Standard	Infinity	2.3	Conductive liquid1	2
3	Even asphere	Infinity	2.4	Insulating liquid	2
4	Even asphere	Infinity	3.3	Conductive liquid2	2
5	Standard	Infinity	0.5	K9	2
6	Standard	Infinity	20	K9	2
IMA	Standard	Infinity	－		4

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表 5 三液体透镜零件参数值

Table 5. Parameter values of the triple-liquid lens component

Height/mm	Taper/°	Label
8	10	L1
	15	L2
	20	L3
10	10	L4
	15	L5
	20	L6
12	10	L7
	15	L8
	20	L9

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表 6 实验数据表

Table 6. Experimental data

Number	Initial focal length /mm	Drive voltage /V	Threshold voltage /V
L1	−36.2	60	120
L2	−36.9	60	120
L3	−45.5	60	120
L4	−38.5	60	120
L5	−49.5	60	120
L6	−51.3	80	140
L7	−40.7	80	140
L8	−47.2	80	140
L9	−57.1	80	140

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