Analysis and suppression of stray light in the 557.7 nm band spaceborne doppler asymmetric spatial heterodyne interferometer for wind field detection
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摘要:
由于大气背景辐射对多普勒非对称差分（DASH）干涉仪风场探测成像质量产生影响，本文对其进行研究并设计杂散光抑制结构。基于轨道参数和观测几何，分析不同高度下大气背景辐射对系统信噪比（SNR）影响。随后，结合系统参数和信噪比变化规律设计遮光罩，并通过点源透过率（PST）评估抑制效果。结果表明，随着高度降低，大气背景辐射逐渐增强，从而导致信噪比逐渐下降。从PST曲线可知，系统视场内PST保持稳定，遮光罩未影响对目标光线的探测；视场外PST随离轴角增加而降低，在杂散光抑制角1.07°附近降至10−8以下，所提抑制设计满足系统对大气背景辐射的抑制要求。
Abstract:The impact of atmospheric background radiation on imaging quality in Doppler Asymmetric Spatial Heterodyne (DASH) interferometers for wind field detection is investigated, and a stray light suppression structure is designed. Utilizing orbital parameters and observation geometry, the influence of atmospheric background radiation on the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) at varying altitudes is analyzed. Subsequently, a baffle is designed considering system parameters and SNR variation patterns, with its suppression efficacy evaluated via point source transmittance (PST). Results demonstrate that atmospheric background radiation intensifies with decreasing altitude, leading to progressive SNR degradation. PST curves indicate stable in-field PST unaffected by the baffle, preserving target light detection capability. Out-of-field PST decreases with increasing off-axis angle, dropping below 10−8 near the critical stray light suppression angle of 1.07°. The proposed suppression design fulfills system requirements for atmospheric background radiation mitigation.
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图 1 星载DASH干涉仪临边观测几何原理图
Figure 1. Geometric principle diagram of limb viewing for satellite-based DASH interferometer
图 2 观测切线高度与仪器俯仰角关系
Figure 2. Relationship between observed tangent height and detector elevation angle
图 3 校正前后观测切线高度与仪器俯仰角关系
Figure 3. Comparison of tangent height and detector elevation angle before and after calibration
图 8 不同切线高度大气背景辐射影响下的系统信噪比
Figure 8. System SNR under the influence of atmospheric background radiation at different tangent heights
表 1 轨道参数
Table 1. Orbital parameters
参数 数值 轨道高度/km 500.0 偏心率 0.0010489 升交点赤经/(°) 242.086 近地点幅角/(°) 187.310 观测目标波长/nm 557.7 观测范围/km 80.0~110.0 
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表 2 观测线60 km轨道参数
Table 2. Orbital parameters of the 60 km observation
时间 观测点经度 观测点纬度 目标点经度 目标点纬度 06:38 295.996 71.470 280.831 67.889 06:40 271.592 72.149 261.391 66.883 06:42 249.234 69.815 245.056 63.681 06:44 233.076 65.304 232.825 58.95 06:46 222.216 59.562 223.939 53.271 06:48 214.748 53.153 217.391 47.01 06:50 209.354 46.363 212.42 40.383 06:52 205.263 39.338 208.528 33.512 06:54 202.026 32.158 205.395 26.473 06:56 199.375 24.871 202.816 19.315
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表 3 测风仪系统参数
Table 3. Parameters of the wind measurement system
参数 数值 视场/(°) 0.72 系统透过率 0.12 光学系统F数 8.38 探测器规格 1024 ×1024 @13 μm探测器量子效率/% 90 制冷温度/(°C) −40 探测器暗电流/(e−/pixel/s) 0.0004 积分时间/(s) 120
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表 4 模型参数设置
Table 4. Property setting in the mode unit:%
表面类型 透过率 吸收率 反射率 BRDF 透镜表面 97.880 0.100 1.900 0.120 反射镜表面 0 2.000 97.880 0.120 机械结构表面 0 90.000 0.001 9.999 分束镜表面 47.44 5 47.44 0.12
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