基于多路条纹跟踪的稀疏孔径光学系统共相方法

安其昌; 王鹍; 刘欣悦; 李洪文; 朱嘉康

doi:10.37188/CO.EN-2024-0002

基于多路条纹跟踪的稀疏孔径光学系统共相方法

安其昌^{1, 2, 3, ,},
王鹍^{1, 2, 3},
刘欣悦^{1, 2, 3},
李洪文^{1, 2, 3},
朱嘉康^{1, 2, 3}

1.
中国科学院长春光学精密机械与物理研究所, 吉林长春 130033
2.
中国科学院大学, 北京 100039
3.
吉林省智能波前传感与控制重点实验室, 吉林长春 130033

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出版历程
- 网络出版日期: 2024-12-06

Co-phasing method for sparse aperture optical systems based on multichannel fringe tracking

doi: 10.37188/CO.EN-2024-0002

AN Qi-chang^{1, 2, 3
, ,},
WANG Kun^{1, 2, 3},
LIU Xin-yue^{1, 2, 3},
LI Hongwen^{1, 2, 3},
ZHU Jiakang^{1, 2, 3}

1.
Changchun Institute of Optical Precision Machinery and Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, Jilin 130033, China
2.
University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100039, China
3.
Jilin Key Laboratory of Intelligent Wavefront Sensing and Control, Changchun, Jilin 130033, China

Funds: This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 12373090, No.12133009 ), the Youth Innovation Promotion Association of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (No. 2020221)

More Information

Corresponding author: anjj@mail.ustc.edu.cn

摘要

摘要:
为了实现大口径稀疏孔径望远镜的有效共相调整，采用了多通道条纹跟踪方法，允许同时进行多个光路的干涉测量，避免了传统干涉方法中沿镜面边界进行成对测量的需要，从而实现了检测效率的提高与系统复杂性的降低。在这里，我们使用光学波前理论分析了多光束干涉过程的原理和基于光纤直接连接的共相检测模块构造，并对通过多路径干涉获得的系统面型进行了误差分析，探索了干涉方法的潜在应用。最后，通过实验揭示了多路径干涉过程的原理，得到了平场校准和非相干数字合成能够将条纹对比度提高到超过0.4，并且动态范围超过工作中心波长（1550 nm）的10倍，实现了比工作中心波长（1550 nm）好的分辨率。三光束干涉的同时实现提高了50%的检测效率，从而有效提高稀疏孔径望远镜的共相效率，满足了8-10米望远镜的观测要求，为观察遥远和暗淡的天体提供了技术基础。
- 条纹跟踪 /
- 波相差 /
- 稀疏孔径望远镜 /
- 共相调整
Abstract:
To realize effective co-phasing adjustment in large-aperture sparse-aperture telescopes, a multichannel stripe tracking approach is employed, allowing simultaneous interferometric measurements of multiple optical paths and circumventing the need for pairwise measurements along the mirror boundaries in traditional interferometric methods. This approach enhances detection efficiency and reduces system complexity. Here, the principles of the multibeam interference process and construction of a co-phasing detection module based on direct optical fiber connections were analyzed using wavefront optics theory. Error analysis was conducted on the system surface obtained through multipath interference. Potential applications of the interferometric method were explored. Finally, the principles of the multipath interference process were experimentally revealed. Evidently, flat-field calibration and incoherent digital synthesis enhanced the fringe contrast to more than 0.4, with the dynamic range exceeding 10 times the working center wavelength (1550 nm). Moreover, a resolution better than one-tenth of the working center wavelength (1550 nm) was achieved. Simultaneous three-beam interference can be achieved, leading to a 50% improvement in detection efficiency. This method can effectively enhance the efficiency of sparse aperture telescope co-phasing, meeting the requirements for observations of 8–10 m telescopes. This study provides a technological foundation for observing distant and faint celestial objects.
- stripe tracking /
- wavefront aberration /
- sparse aperture telescope /
- co-phasing adjustment

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Figure 1. Fundamental principles of fringe sampling. (a) System light-intensity sampling position and (b) sparse-aperture boundary multi-point sampling position.

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Figure 2. Multilevel co-phasing of a large-aperture sparse optical system. (a) Architecture of optical collection and (b) perception and control of the local step difference based on multiwavelengths.

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Figure 3. Verification of the accuracy of the sparse aperture wavefront reconstruction. (a)–(c) Large aberration, (d)–(f) medium aberration, and (g)–(i) small aberration.

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Figure 4. Multilevel fringe tracking validation. (a) Linear array photon collection end, (b) integrated interference modules, (c) multilevel interference fringes, and (d) experimental set up diagram, (e) experimental optical layout picture

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Figure 5. Three-beam interference principle and its fringes in different wavelength ranges.

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Figure 6. Validation of the dual-wavelength fringe tracking. (a), (b) Interference fringes formed by the narrowband light at 1530 nm and their average cross-section, (c), (d) interference fringes formed by the narrowband light at 1560 nm and their average cross-section, (e), (f) incoherent synthesis of the dual wavelength and average cross-section.

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Figure 7. Segmented mirror multipath interference fringe tracking experiment. (a) experimental system, (b) Three-path interference pattern, before correction, (c) Three-path interference pattern after correction.

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