基于周期性微通道长周期光纤光栅的制备与传感特性研究

孙财; 李元君; 杨禾儿; 潘学鹏; 刘善仁; 王博; 高萌萌; 国旗; 于永森

doi:10.37188/CO.EN-2024-0005

基于周期性微通道长周期光纤光栅的制备与传感特性研究

吉林大学电子科学与工程学院集成光电子学国家重点实验室, 吉林长春 130012

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中图分类号: TN253
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2024-02-02
- 录用日期: 2024-03-07
- 网络出版日期: 2024-03-19

Preparation and sensing characteristics of long-period fiber gratings based on periodic microchannels

doi: 10.37188/CO.EN-2024-0005

State Key Laboratory of Integrated Optoelectronics, College of Electronic Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China

Funds: Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 62090064, No. 62131018, No. 62305130, No. 62090063, No. 62075082, U20A20210,61827821)

More Information

Author Bio:
SUN Cai (1998—), male, from Changchun, Jilin Province, master's degree candidate, obtained a bachelor's degree from Jilin University in 2020, mainly engaged in researching fiber sensing. E-mail: 511082895@qq.com

GUO Qi (1991—), male, from Changchun, Jilin Province, Ph.D., lecturer, obtained Ph.D. from Jilin University in 2022, mainly engaged in researching fiber sensing and laser micro-nano processing. E-mail: qiguo@jlu.edu.cn

YU Yong-sen (1974—), male, from Changchun, Jilin Province, Ph.D., Professor, Ph.D. Supervisor, obtained Ph.D. from Jilin University in 2005, mainly engaged in researching fiber sensing and laser micro-nano processing. E-mail: yuys@jlu.edu.cn

Corresponding author: qiguo@jlu.edu.cn; yuys@jlu.edu.cn

摘要

摘要:
长周期光纤光栅具有体积小、耐腐蚀、抗电磁干扰和灵敏度高等优点，使其广泛应用于生物医学、电力工业以及航空航天等领域。本文提出了一种基于周期微通道的长周期光纤光栅传感器。首先通过飞秒激光微加工在单模光纤的包层中刻蚀出一系直线结构，然后通过湿法腐蚀技术对激光改性区域进行选择性腐蚀以获得周期性微通道结构，最后在通道中填充聚二甲基硅氧烷（PDMS）以改善光谱质量。实验结果表明，该传感器可以进行温度、应力、折射率和弯曲等传感参数测量，具有良好的传感灵敏度。温度灵敏度为−55.19 pm/°C，应变灵敏度为−3.19 pm/με，最大折射率灵敏度为540.28 nm/RIU，弯曲灵敏度为2.65 dB/m⁻¹，且均表现出良好的线性响应。该传感器在精密测量和传感领域有良好的应用前景。
- 长周期光纤光栅 /
- 飞秒激光微加工 /
- 光纤传感器
Abstract:
Long-period fiber gratings have the advantages of small size, corrosion resistance, anti-electromagnetic interference, and high sensitivity, making them widely used in biomedicine, the power industry, and aerospace. This paper proposes a long-period fiber grating sensor based on periodic microchannels. First, a series of linear structures were etched in the cladding of a single-mode fiber by femtosecond laser micromachining. Then, the laser-modified region was selectively eroded by selective chemical etching to obtain the periodic microchannel structure. Finally, the channels were filled with polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) to improve the spectral quality. The experimental results show that the sensor has good sensitivity in the measurement of various parameters such as temperature, stress, refractive index, and bending: it has a temperature sensitivity of −55.19 pm/°C, a strain sensitivity of −3.19 pm/με, a maximum refractive index sensitivity of 540.28 nm/RIU, and a bending sensitivity of 2.65 dB/m⁻¹. All of the measurement parameters show good linear responses. The sensor has strong application prospects in the field of precision measurement and sensing.
- long-period fiber gratings /
- femtosecond laser micromachining /
- fiber sensors

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Figure 1. The LPFG fabrication system

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Figure 2. (a) Schematic diagram of the periodic straight-line laser-modified structure by fs laser direct writing. (b) Microscope image of LPFG after HF etching. (c) Microscope image of LPFG with PDMS filling.

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Figure 3. Initial transmission spectrum of LPFG.

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Figure 4. Schematic diagram of the experimental setup for measuring (a) temperature, (b) strain and (c) bending.

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Figure 5. (a) Evolution of the transmission spectrum at different temperatures; (b) Relationship between the resonance wavelength shift and the temperature.

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Figure 6. (a) Evolution of the transmission spectrum at different strains; (b) Relationship between resonance wavelength shift and strain.

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Figure 7. (a) Evolution of the transmission spectrum at different RI solutions; (b) Relationship between resonance wavelength shift and RI.

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Figure 8. (a) Evolution of the transmission spectrum at different curvatures; (b) Relationship between resonance intensity shift and curvature.

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Table 1. Comparison of measurement parameters for different types of LPFG

Year	Sensing structure	Temperature sensitivity	Strain sensitivity	RI sensitivity	Bending sensitivity	Reference
2013	Periodic microchannels	9.95 pm/°C	−2.4 pm/με	−391 nm/RIU	−	[19]
2017	Hollow ellipsoid	−	−	−	0.42 dB/m⁻¹	[21]
2022	Inner microholes	13.06 pm/°C	−1.57 pm/με	−	−	[20]
2022	Micro air-channel	12.1 pm/°C	−	587.08 nm/RIU	−	[26]
2023	Taped two-mode fiber and PDMS	−0.412 nm/°C	−12.16 nm/MPa	−	−	[6]
2023	D-shape	45 pm/°C	−	−	17.6 nm/ m⁻¹	[27]
2024	Periodic microchannels on the cladding and PDMS	−55.19 pm/°C	−3.19 pm/με	540.28 nm/RIU	2.65 dB/m⁻¹	This work

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