基于飞秒光纤光栅的增敏型倾角传感器设计与优化

NutsugloTheophilus; 郭永兴; 周万欢; 于海生; 任如华; 沈顺安

doi:10.37188/CO.EN-2024-0034

基于飞秒光纤光栅的增敏型倾角传感器设计与优化

1.
武汉科技大学冶金装备及其控制教育部重点实验室, 湖北武汉 430081
2.
武汉科技大学机械传动与制造工程湖北省重点实验室, 湖北武汉 430081
3.
澳门大学智慧城市物联网国家重点实验室, 澳门 999078
4.
中铁十四局集团有限公司, 山东济南 250000

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中图分类号: TN253;TP212
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2024-11-12
- 修回日期: 2024-12-02
- 录用日期: 2024-12-27
- 网络出版日期: 2025-01-08

Design optimization of a sensitivity-enhanced tilt sensor based on femtosecond fiber bragg grating

doi: 10.37188/CO.EN-2024-0034

1.
Key Laboratory of Metallurgical Equipment and Control Technology, Ministry of Education, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430081, China
2.
Hubei Key Laboratory of Mechanical Transmission and Manufacturing Engineering, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430081, China
3.
State Key Laboratory of Internet of Things for Smart City, University of Macau, Macau 999078, China
4.
China Railway 14th Bureau Group Corporation Limited, Jinan 250000, China

Funds: Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 52105558，No. 52075397); the Project of Guangdong Province Science and Technology Plan (No. 2022A0505030019); the “14th Five Year Plan” Hubei Provincial Advantaged Characteristic Disciplines (Groups) Project of Wuhan University of Science and Technology (No. 2023B0502)

More Information

Author Bio:
NUTSUGLO Theophilus (1993—), male, born in Accra, Ghana, he earned his B.Sc. in Mechanical Engineering from Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Ghana, in 2018. He is currently pursuing M.Sc. in Mechanical Engineering at Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan. His research interests focus on fiber Bragg grating sensing technology for structural health monitoring. E-mail: tnutsuglo@yahoo.com

GUO Yong-xing (1986—), male, born in Runan, Henan province, he received the Ph.D. degrees in measurement control technology and instruments from the National Engineering Laboratory for Fiber Optic Sensing Technology, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, China, in 2014. He is currently a Professor in Wuhan University of Science and Technology. His research interests include optical fiber sensing technology for mechanical equipment, civil engineering, and robotics. E-mail: yongxing_guo@wust.edu.cn

Corresponding author: yongxing_guo@wust.edu.cn

摘要

摘要:
面向结构健康监测领域中的倾角信息高精度监测需求，本文提出了一种基于飞秒光纤光栅的灵敏度增强型倾角传感器。首先，运用静力学原理对倾角传感器进行结构设计，通过设置偏离梁中性轴的光纤光栅，实现光纤光栅应变线性增加，进而提高传感器的灵敏度；接着，通过建立光纤光栅应变、力和中性轴偏离距离之间的关系，确定了产生最大应变所对应的最佳距离；然后，基于此优化方案设计制造了倾角传感器的原型并进行了实验测试。结果表明，倾角传感器最大灵敏度的光纤光栅偏离距离为4.4 mm，在−30°至30°的倾角范围内灵敏度达到了129.95 pm/°，线性度提高至0.9997，相较于传统的光纤光栅倾角传感器，灵敏度和线性度均得到了显著提升，同时还表现出了良好的重复性（误差<0.94%）、蠕变抗性（误差<0.30%）和温度稳定性（误差<0.90%）。结果证明该倾角传感器在结构健康监测中拥有着优秀的应用潜力。传感器已成功应用于地下管道项目中，对项目中钢支撑结构的倾角与变形进行了长期监测，进一步证明了其工程安全监测应用价值。
- 光纤布拉格光栅 /
- 倾角传感器 /
- 灵敏度增强 /
- 飞秒光纤光栅
Abstract:
Aiming at the requirement for high-precision tilt monitoring in the field of structural health monitoring (SHM), this paper proposes a sensitivity-enhanced tilt sensor based on a femtosecond fiber Bragg grating (FBG). Firstly, structural design of the tilt sensor was conducted based on static mechanics principles. By positioning the FBG away from the beam’s neutral axis, linear strain enhancement in the FBG was achieved, thereby improving sensor sensitivity. The relationship between FBG strain, applied force, and the offset distance from the neutral axis was established, determining the optimal distance corresponding to maximum strain. Based on this optimization scheme, a prototype of the tilt sensor was designed, fabricated, and experimentally tested. Experimental results show that the FBG offset distance yielding maximum sensitivity is 4.4 mm. Within a tilt angle range of −30° to 30°, the sensor achieved a sensitivity of 129.95 pm/° and a linearity of 0.9997. Compared to conventional FBG-based tilt sensors, both sensitivity and linearity were significantly improved. Furthermore, the sensor demonstrated excellent repeatability (error < 0.94%), creep resistance (error < 0.30%), and temperature stability (error < 0.90%). These results demonstrate the sensor’s excellent potential for SHM applications. The sensor has been successfully deployed in an underground pipeline project, conducting long-term monitoring of tilt and deformation in the steel support structures, further proving its value for engineering safety monitoring.
- fiber Bragg grating /
- tilt sensor /
- sensitivity-enhanced /
- femtosecond FBG

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Figure 1. (a) Sensor structure design. (b) Initial cantilever design structure. (c) Sensor assembly

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Figure 2. Simulation results of (a) equivalent strain distribution by FEA and (b) the surfaces experiencing maximum strain

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Figure 3. Designed cantilever structure

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Figure 4. (a) The relation between the position distance from the neutral axis, applied force, and strain. (b) Amplified diagram showing the maximum strain of 1.0 N

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Figure 5. (a) Optimized cantilever structure design and (b) the corresponding mass block design

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Figure 6. Fabricated prototype of physical sensor. (a) Cantilever with prestressed FBGs. (b) Sensor structure design. (c) Assembled sensor

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Figure 7. Tilt sensor calibration system

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Figure 8. (a)Wavelength shifts of FBG1 and FBG2 for the four tilt tests. (b) Average wavelength shifts responses of FBG1 and FBG2

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Figure 9. (a) Wavelength shifts difference of FBG1 and FBG2. (b) Linear fit for the average values of the wavelength shift difference of the optimized and initial design

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Figure 10. Creep resistance test results

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Figure 11. Temperature compensation test setup

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Figure 12. Temperature compensation experimental results

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Figure 13. Tilt sensor installation. (a) Underground pipeline bay. (b) Tilt sensor 1. (c) Tilt sensor 2. (d) FBG interrogator and PC

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Figure 14. Tilt angle curve during the six-month monitoring period with the extraction of central value from the vibration signal for (a) tilt sensor 1 and (b) tilt sensor 2

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Figure 15. Extracted central value for (a) tilt sensor 1 and (b) tilt sensor 2

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Table 1. Material properties of brass and silica

Properties Young’s Modulus Poisson’s Ratio

Brass 100 GPa 0.33

Silica 73 GPa 0.17

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Table 2. Sensitivity and linearity comparison between the initial and optimized design

Property Sensitivity (pm/°) Linearity

Initial design 95.90 0.9994

Optimized design 129.95 0.9997

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