基于太赫兹全介质超表面的独立双带连续域束缚态
Independent dual-band bound states in the continuum based on terahertz all-dielectric metasurfaces
doi: 10.37188/CO.EN-2025-0004
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摘要:
相比传统的单频连续域束缚态（BIC），双带BIC具有更高的自由度和功能性。因此，实现双带BIC的独立调控将进一步增强其优势，最大化其性能。本研究设计了一种在太赫兹（THz）波段实现双带BIC的全介质超表面。通过调节两种不对称结构参数，可以实现对两个对称保护BIC的独立控制。此外，通过改变硅孔形状，验证了该设计对几何形状具有较强的鲁棒性。最后，测试结果表明，两个BIC的优值（FOM）均可达到109。本研究为双频BIC的实现与调谐提供了一种新的方法，并为多模激光器、非线性光学、多通道滤波及光传感等领域的应用提供了更多可能性。
Abstract:Compared to traditional single-frequency bound states in the continuum (BIC), dual-band BIC offers higher degrees of freedom and functionality. Therefore, implementing independent control of dual-band BICs can further enhance their advantages and maximize their performance. This study presents a design for a dielectric metasurface that achieves dual-band BICs in the terahertz (THz) range. By adjusting two asymmetry parameters of the structure, independent control of the two symmetry-protected BICs is achieved. Furthermore, by varying the shape of the silicon holes, the design's robustness to geometric variations is demonstrated. Finally, the test results show that the figures of merit (FOMs) for both BICs reach 109. This work provides a new approach for realizing and tuning dual-frequency BICs, offering expanded possibilities for applications in multimode lasers, nonlinear optics, multi-channel filtering, and optical sensing.
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Figure 1. (a) Schematic of the periodic metasurface. (b) 3D view of the unit cell. (c) Top view of the unit cell (x-y plane).
Figure 2. (a) 2D band diagram of the metasurface in the frequency range of 2.1–2.7 THz. (b) and (c) Corresponding Q-factor of the eigenmode in k-space near the Γ point. (d) Transmission amplitude as a function of the asymmetric parameter α and frequency when r1 = r2. (e) Transmission amplitude as a function of the asymmetric parameter δ and frequency when Δs = 0. (f) Transmission amplitude as a function of the asymmetric parameters α = δ and frequency. (g) Resonant Q-factor as a function of the asymmetric parameter α. (h) Resonant Q-factor as a function of the asymmetric parameter δ.
Figure 3. (a) Transmission spectrum of the metasurface when the asymmetry parameter α = 0.05. (b) Transmission spectrum of the metasurface when the asymmetry parameter δ = 0.05. (c) and (f) Electromagnetic field intensity and directional distribution diagrams for the two modes. The electric field intensity is represented by different colors, with red arrows indicating the direction of the electric field, and black arrows showing the direction of the magnetic field. (d) and (e) Normalized scattering energy of the multipoles in Cartesian coordinates for the two modes.
Figure 4. (a) Transmission spectrum of the metasurface structure at varying silicon layer thicknesses. (b) Transmission spectrum of the metasurface structure at different periodicities. (c) Transmission spectrum of the metasurface structure at varying incident angles.
Figure 5. (a) Frequency response of the transmission amplitude as a function of the asymmetry parameter α when δ = 0.2. (b) Frequency response of the transmission amplitude as a function of the asymmetry parameter δ when α = 0.2. (c) Transmission spectrum of the structure at different duty cycles when the asymmetry parameters are 0.2.
Figure 6. (a) and (b) Top view (x-y plane) of the unit cells of the elliptical and square hole metasurfaces. (c) Transmission spectra of the elliptical hole metasurface for different structural parameters s and b. (d) Transmission spectra of the square hole metasurface for different structural parameters s and c. (e)-(h) Electromagnetic field strength and directional distribution for different modes of the two structures. The colors represent the electric field intensity, with red arrows indicating the direction of the electric field and black arrows representing the direction of the magnetic field.
Figure 7. (a) Schematic diagram of the 3D unit cell structure used for sensing. (b) and (c) Frequency distribution of the transmission amplitude for the two QBICs as a function of the sample refractive index when the sample thickness is h=10μm. (d) and (e) Frequency distribution of the transmission amplitude for the two QBICs as a function of the sample thickness when the sample refractive index is n=2. (f) and (g) Frequency shift and FOM curves of the two QBICs as a function of the refractive index h=10μm.
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