基于太赫兹-红外融合技术的城墙修复效果评估

孟田华; 赵国忠; 许世祥; 张海蛟; 李榜全; 胡伟东

doi:10.37188/CO.EN-2025-0016

基于太赫兹-红外融合技术的城墙修复效果评估

1.
山西大同大学微结构电磁功能材料省市共建山西省重点实验室, 山西大同037009
2.
首都师范大学太赫兹光电子学教育部重点实验室, 北京 100048
3.
山西省考古研究院, 山西太原 030001
4.
北京理工大学北京市毫米波与太赫兹技术重点实验室, 北京100081

详细信息

中图分类号: O439
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2025-03-03
- 录用日期: 2025-05-12
- 网络出版日期: 2025-05-21

Evaluation of restoration effects for city walls based on terahertz-infrared integrated technology

doi: 10.37188/CO.EN-2025-0016

1.
Shanxi Province Key Laboratory of Microstructure Electromagnetic Functional Materials, Shanxi Datong University, Datong 037009, China
2.
Key Laboratory of Terahertz Optoelectronics, Ministry of Education, Capital Normal University, Beijing 100048, China
3.
Archaeology Academy of Shanxi Province, Taiyuan 030001, China
4.
Beijing Key Laboratory of Millimeter Wave and Terahertz Technology, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, China

Funds: Supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China (No. 2021YFB3200100); the Applied Basic Research Projects of Shanxi Province (No. 202203021221212); the Special Fund of Shanxi Datong University (No. 2024YGZD06)

More Information

Author Bio:
MENG Tian-hua (1980—), female, born in Datong, Shanxi Province, PhD, Associate Professor, Master’s Supervisor. She obtained her Ph.D. degree from China University of Geosciences (Beijing) in 2014, mainly engaged in research on terahertz spectroscopy, and nondestructive testing technology for cultural heritage diagnostics. E-mail: mengtianhua1118@126.com

HU Wei-dong (1975—), male, born in Shuozhou, Shanxi Province, PhD, Professor, Doctoral Supervisor. He obtained his Ph.D. degree from Beijing Institute of Technology in 2004. His research interests include radar cross section measurement, microwave remote sensing, and terahertz imaging. E-mail: hoowind@bit.edu.cn

Corresponding author: hoowind@bit.edu.cn

摘要

摘要:
为了对古城墙修复性能进行科学评估，本研究以明代得胜堡长城为对象，采用太赫兹时域光谱（THz-TDS）与红外热成像技术对其土坯砖垒砌法修复段（1区）、保存完好段（2区）和逐层夯筑法修复段（3区）进行检测分析。结果显示：1区的THz光谱数据（时延为3.72 ps、折射率2.224）与原始墙体（2区时延3.02 ps、折射率2.107）差异显著，而3区THz光谱数据（时延3.12 ps、折射率2.098）与2区的几乎一致；红外热像图也表明3区的热均匀性更好，裂缝、毛细现象、生物病害的发生率更低，基本达到了“修旧如旧”的目的。因此，将城墙区域的红外热像图与原位取样的THz光谱相结合方法，不仅可以对修复性能进行定量评估，而且可以为传统工艺科学化评价提供新手段。
- 无损检测 /
- 文物修复 /
- 性能评估 /
- 高灵敏度
Abstract:
To scientifically evaluate the restoration performance of ancient city walls, Terahertz time-domain spectroscopy (THz-TDS) and infrared thermal imaging technology assessed the Desheng Fortress (Ming Dynasty). Three representative sections were examined: adobe brick masonry repaired (Area 1), well-preserved original (Area 2), and layer-by-layer ramming repaired (Area 3). THz spectral data revealed significant differences between Area 1 (time delay: 3.72 ps; refractive index: 2.224) and Area 2 (time delay: 3.02 ps; refractive index: 2.107), while Area 3 (time delay: 3.12 ps; refractive index: 2.098) demonstrated nearly identical THz spectral data to Area 2. Infrared thermal imaging also showed that the Area 3 restored by layer-by-layer ramming exhibited greater uniformity with fewer instances of cracks, capillary phenomena, or biological diseases. The proposed point-surface integrated evaluation methodology synergistically combines infrared thermography mapping of heritage surfaces with THz spectral datasets acquired through in-situ micro-sampling, enabling quantitative restoration assessment and establishing a novel approach for scientifically validating traditional conservation techniques.
- nondestructive testing /
- cultural relic restoration /
- performance evaluation /
- high sensitivity

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Figure 1. The city walls experimental plot in Desheng Fortress.

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Figure 2. Distribution schematic diagram of the Desheng Fortress. (a) Adobe brick masonry repaired section. (b) Well-preserved eastern section. (c) The traditional layer-by-layer ramming repaired section.

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Figure 3. Terahertz time-domain spectrometer. (a) Inside of the THz-TDS system. (b) Schematic diagram of THz detection and sampling. (c) Sample holder for transmission measurements.

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Figure 4. THz spectra of the soil samples from Desheng Fortress. (a) Time-domain spectra. (b) Absorption coefficient spectra. (c) Refractive index spectra. (d) Average refractive index spectra.

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Figure 5. Visible light images and infrared images of three randomly selected sub-regions in the No.1 test region. (a) & (b): Area 1. (c) & (d): Area 2. (e) & (f): Area 3.

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Figure 6. Visible light images and infrared images of two minimally weathered sub-regions in the No.2 test region. (a) & (b): Area 1. (c) & (d): Area 2.

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Figure 7. Visible light images and infrared images of three randomly selected sub-regions in the No.3 test region. (a) & (b): Area 1. (c) & (d): Area 2. (e) & (f): Area 3.

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