A novel methane and hydrogen sensor with surface plasmon resonance-based photonic quasi-crystal fiber
doi: 10.37188/CO.EN.2022-0006
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摘要:
设计了一种用于同时检测甲烷和氢气的基于表面等离子体共振(SPR)的新型光子准晶体光纤(PQF)传感器。在该传感器中，在银膜上分别沉积Pd-WO3和掺杂聚硅氧烷的笼型分子E薄膜作为氢气和甲烷的敏感材料。采用全矢量有限元方法对PQF-SPR传感器进行数值分析，结果证明该传感器具有良好的传感性能。在0%~3.5%的浓度范围内，氢气的最大检测灵敏度和平均灵敏度分别为0.8 nm/%和0.65 nm/%，甲烷的最大灵敏度和平均灵敏度分别为10 nm/%和8.81 nm/%。该传感器具有同时检测多种气体的能力，在设备小型化和远程监测方面具有很大的潜力。
Abstract:A novel Photonic Quasi-crystal Fiber (PQF) sensor based on Surface Plasmon Resonance (SPR) is designed for simultaneous detection of methane and hydrogen. In the sensor, Pd-WO3 and cryptophane E doped polysiloxane films deposited on silver films are the hydrogen and methane sensing materials, respectively. The PQF-SPR sensor is analyzed numerically by the full-vector finite element method and excellent sensing performance is demonstrated. The maximum and average hydrogen sensitivities are 0.8 nm/% and 0.65 nm/% in the concentration range of 0% to 3.5% and the maximum and average methane sensitivities are 10 nm/% and 8.81 nm/% in the same concentration range. The sensor has the capability of detecting multiple gases and has large potential in device miniaturization and remote monitoring.
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Figure 2. Dispersion relationships of the X-polarized core mode and SPP mode, confinement loss spectra, and electric field distributions for C_H2=2.5%: (a) X-polarized core mode at 1875 nm, (b) X-polarized core mode at the phase matching point, and (c) X-polarized SPP mode at 1875 nm.
Figure 3. Dispersion relationships of the Y-polarized core mode and SPP mode, confinement loss spectra, and electric field distributions for C_CH4=2.5%: (a) Y-polarized core mode at 1570 nm, (b) Y-polarized core mode at the phase matching point, and (c) Y-polarized SPP mode at 1570 nm.
Figure 4. CL spectra of the core mode for (a) hydrogen and (b) methane with different concentrations
Figure 5. Relationship between the gas concentration and wavelength shift for hydrogen and methane
Figure 6. (a) CL spectra of the core mode for different air hole diameters d when the hydrogen concentration is 3.0%. (b) Resonance wavelength versus hydrogen concentration (t1=t2=30 nm, h1=1.5 μm, h2=2.17 μm, and C_H2=3%)
Figure 7. (a) CL spectra of the core mode for different air hole diameters d when the methane concentrations are 2.0% and 2.5%. (b) Resonance wavelength versus methane concentration and average sensitivity (t1=t2=30 nm, h1=1.5 μm, and h2=2.17 μm).
Figure 8. (a) CL spectra of the core mode for different metal film thicknesses t1 at a hydrogen concentration of 3.0%. (b) Resonance wavelength versus hydrogen concentration and average sensitivity (d=1.58 μm, t2=30 nm, h1=1.5 μm, and h2=2.17 μm).
Figure 9. (a) CL spectra of the core mode for different metal film thicknesses t2 when the methane concentrations are 2.0% and 2.5%. (b) Resonance wavelength versus methane concentration and average sensitivity (d=1.58 μm, t1=30 nm, h1=1.5 μm, and h2=2.17 μm).
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