Design of all-optical half-adder based on nonlinear effect and linear interference effect
doi: 10.37188/CO.EN.2022-0029
-
摘要:
结合光子晶体非线性效应和线性干涉效应设计了一种全光半加器。将光源平均分成两部分，对半加器的与门和异或门分开设计。利用非线性效应实现高对比度的与门；利用线性干涉效应实现异或逻辑，从而使器件整体响应速度更快。在这种设计结构下，器件对信号光源功率只有阈值要求，当信号功率大于51.4 mW/μm2时输出稳定，抗干扰能力强。所设计的半加器进位输出端口对比度为20.69 dB，输出端口对比度为20.13 dB。数据传输速率为0.75 Tbits/s,占用面积623 μm2。
Abstract:An all-optical half-adder is designed by combining the nonlinear effect and linear interference effect of photonic crystals. By dividing the light source into two parts equally, the half adder AND gate and XOR gate are designed separately. The nonlinear effect is used to realize the AND gate with high contrast, and the linear interference effect is used to realize the XOR logic, so that the overall response speed of the device is improved. In this design structure, the device only has threshold requirements for the signal light source power. When the signal power is greater than 51.4 mW/μm2, it has stable output and strong anti-interference ability. The designed contrast of the half adder carry output port is 20.69 dB, and the output port contrast is 20.13 dB. The data transfer rate is 0.75 Tbits/s and the occupied area is 623 μm2.
-
Key words:
- all-optical half adders /
- ring resonator /
- micro-cavity /
- optical logics /
- linear interference effect
-
Figure 1. Characteristics of nonlinear annular cavity. (a) Structure of nonlinear annular cavity. (b) Normalized power of output port in the band of 1.52−1.58 μm
Figure 2. Normalized output port powers at (a) low power incidence and (b) high power incidence
Figure 3. (a) XOR gate structure. (b) Steady state electric field diagram when input is logic '11'
Figure 5. Half-adder normalized power output curve. (a) Input is logical '01'. (b) Input is logical '10'. (c) Input is logical '11'
Figure 7. Steady state diagram of half-adder electric field. (a) Input is logical '01'. (b) Input is logical '10'. (c) Input is logical '11'
Figure 8. Normalized power output curve. (a) Input is logical '01'. (b) Input is logical '10'. (c) Input is logical '11'
Figure 9. Influence of light source power on output. (a) Impact on CARRY output. (b) Impact on SUM output
Table 1. The output parameters of the latter half-adder
Input （Normalized power） Output （Normalized power） A B CARRY SUM 0 1 7.9×10−3 0.512 1 0 7.8×10−3 0.505 1 1 0.926 4.9×10−4 
下载: 导出CSV
-
[1] MEKIS A, MEIER M, DODABALAPUR A, et al. Lasing mechanism in two-dimensional photonic crystal lasers[J]. Applied Physics A, 1999, 69(1): 111-114. doi: 10.1007/s003390050981 [2] DUTTA N K, JAQUES J. Semiconductor optical amplifier based optical logic devices[J]. Proceedings of SPIE, 2005, 6014: 60140X. doi: 10.1117/12.630739 [3] YOSHIKUNI Y. Semiconductor optical devices[J]. IEEJ Transactions on Electronics, Information and Systems, 1993, 113(4): 231-237. doi: 10.1541/ieejeiss1987.113.4_231 [4] CHANDERKANTA, CHEN N K, KAUSHIK B K, et al. Implementation of reversible Peres gate using electro-optic effect inside lithium-niobate based Mach-Zehnder interferometers[J]. Optics & Laser Technology, 2019, 117: 28-37. [5] QIU P, WANG G L, LU J L, et al. Research of spontaneous emission enhancement from quantum dots in a photonic crystal micro cavity[J]. Advanced Materials Research, 2011, 321: 208-212. doi: 10.4028/www.scientific.net/AMR.321.208 [6] ZHAO Y X, VORA K H, VOM BÖGEL G, et al. Design and simulation of a photonic crystal resonator as a biosensor for point-of-care applications[J]. tm-Technisches Messen, 2020, 87(7-8): 470-476. doi: 10.1515/teme-2019-0127 [7] MIROUH F Z, LEBBAL M R, BOUCHEMAT M, et al. Transmission and Q-factor improvement in 2D square photonic crystal demultiplexer[J]. Journal of New Technology and Materials, 2019, 9(2): 22-27. doi: 10.12816/0057366 [8] ARAM M H, KHORASANI S. Efficient analysis of photonic crystal slabs[J]. Journal of Lasers, Optics & Photonics, 2014, 1(2): 1000111. [9] QIANG H X, JIANG L Y, JIA W, et al. Design of one-dimensional dielectric and magnetic photonic crystal filters with broad omnidirectional filtering band[J]. Optica Applicata, 2011, 41(1): 63-77. [10] LIU W, ZHANG L SH, ZHANG F. Performance analysis of three-wavelength multi-channel photonic crystal filters of different sizes[J]. Crystals, 2022, 12(1): 91. doi: 10.3390/cryst12010091 [11] LIU V, JIAO Y, MILLER D A B, et al. Design methodology for compact photonic-crystal-based wavelength division multiplexers[J]. Optics Letters, 2011, 36(4): 591-593. doi: 10.1364/OL.36.000591 [12] NEMOVA G, JIN X, CHEN L R, et al. Modeling and experimental characterization of a dual-wavelength Bi-doped fiber laser with cascaded cavities[J]. Journal of the Optical Society of America B, 2020, 37(5): 1453-1460. doi: 10.1364/JOSAB.390847 [13] NALLUSAMY N, ARZATE N, RAJA R V J, et al. Modeling nonlinear high-pressure sensors based on degenerate four-wave mixing in photonic crystal fibers[J]. Applied Optics, 2022, 61(10): 2591-2597. doi: 10.1364/AO.449032 [14] MEI CH, WU Y, YUAN J H, et al. Design of compact and broadband polarization beam splitters based on surface plasmonic resonance in photonic crystal fibers[J]. Micromachines, 2022, 13(10): 1663. doi: 10.3390/mi13101663 [15] ZHANG J J, SHI X D, ZHANG ZH J, et al. Ultra-compact, efficient and high-polarization-extinction-ratio polarization beam splitters based on photonic anisotropic metamaterials[J]. Optics Express, 2022, 30(1): 538-549. doi: 10.1364/OE.447501 [16] KINCAID P S, PORCELLI A, NEVES A A R, et al. Size-dependent optical forces on dielectric microspheres in hollow core photonic crystal fibers[J]. Optics Express, 2022, 30(14): 24407-24420. doi: 10.1364/OE.458674 [17] CHOUDHARY K, KUMAR S. Design of an optical OR gate using mach-zehnder interferometers[J]. Journal of Optical Communications, 2018, 39(2): 161-165. doi: 10.1515/joc-2016-0131 [18] SEIFOURI M, OLYAEE S, SARDARI M, et al. Ultra-fast and compact all-optical half adder using 2D photonic crystals[J]. IET Optoelectronics, 2019, 13(3): 139-143. doi: 10.1049/iet-opt.2018.5130 [19] ABDOLLAHI M, PARANDIN F. A novel structure for realization of an all-optical, one-bit half-adder based on 2D photonic crystals[J]. Journal of Computational Electronics, 2019, 18(4): 1416-1422. doi: 10.1007/s10825-019-01392-6 [20] PARANDIN F, MALMIR M R. Reconfigurable all optical half adder and optical XOR and AND logic gates based on 2D photonic crystals[J]. Optical and Quantum Electronics, 2020, 52(2): 56. doi: 10.1007/s11082-019-2167-3 [21] PARANDIN F, HEIDARI F, RAHIMI Z, et al. Two-dimensional photonic crystal biosensors: a review[J]. Optics & Laser Technology, 2021, 144: 107397. [22] ÇETINKAYA Ç, ÇOKDUYGULULAR E, KINACI B, et al. Highly improved light harvesting and photovoltaic performance in CdTe solar cell with functional designed 1D-photonic crystal via light management engineering[J]. Scientific Reports, 2022, 12(1): 11245. doi: 10.1038/s41598-022-15078-w [23] ALAEI S, SEIFOURI M, BABAABBASI G, et al. Numerical investigation on self-heating effect in 1.3 µm quantum dot photonic crystal microstructure VCSELs[J]. The European Physical Journal Plus, 2022, 137(4): 515. doi: 10.1140/epjp/s13360-022-02731-6 [24] JIANG Y C, LIU S B, ZHANG H F, et al. Realization of all optical half-adder based on self-collimated beams by two-dimensional photonic crystals[J]. Optics Communications, 2015, 348: 90-94. doi: 10.1016/j.optcom.2015.03.011 [25] 陈莹. 基于光子晶体自准直效应偏振无关光子器件的研究[D]. 南京: 南京邮电大学, 2020.CHEN Y. Study of polarization independent photonic devices based on self-collimation in phtonic crystal[D]. Nanjing: Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, 2020. (in Chinese) [26] OLYAEE S, NAJAFGHOLINEZHAD S, BANAEI H A. Four-channel label-free photonic crystal biosensor using nanocavity resonators[J]. Photonic Sensors, 2013, 3(3): 231-236. doi: 10.1007/s13320-013-0110-y [27] SEIF-DARGAHI H, ZAVVARI M, ALIPOUR-BANAEI H. Very compact photonic crystal resonant cavity for all optical filtering[J]. Journal of Theoretical and Applied Physics, 2014, 8(4): 183-188. doi: 10.1007/s40094-014-0147-3 [28] SANI M H, TABRIZI A A, SAGHAEI H, et al. An ultrafast all-optical half adder using nonlinear ring resonators in photonic crystal microstructure[J]. Optical and Quantum Electronics, 2020, 52(2): 107. doi: 10.1007/s11082-020-2233-x [29] CHATTOPADHYAY T, GAYEN D K. Optical half and full adders using the nonlinear Mach–Zehnder interferometer[J]. Journal of Optics, 2021, 50(2): 314-321. doi: 10.1007/s12596-021-00692-0 [30] SAADI K, KASHANINIA A, SABBAGHI-NADOOSHAN R. All-optical half adder based on triangular lattice photonic crystals with uniform structural parameters[J]. Photonic Network Communications, 2022, 43(3): 204-211. doi: 10.1007/s11107-022-00970-2 [31] FAIRBANKS A J, DARR A M, GARNER A L. A review of nonlinear transmission line system design[J]. IEEE Access, 2020, 8: 148606-148621. doi: 10.1109/ACCESS.2020.3015715 [32] SALIMZADEH S, ALIPOUR-BANAEI H. A novel proposal for all optical 3 to 8 decoder based on nonlinear ring resonators[J]. Journal of Modern Optics, 2018, 65(17): 2017-2024. doi: 10.1080/09500340.2018.1489077 [33] DAGHOOGHI T, SOROOSH M, ANSARI-ASL K. A low-power all optical decoder based on photonic crystal nonlinear ring resonators[J]. Optik, 2018, 174: 400-408. doi: 10.1016/j.ijleo.2018.08.090 [34] DIOUF M, SALEM A B, CHERIF R, et al. Super-flat coherent supercontinuum source in As38.8Se61.2 chalcogenide photonic crystal fiber with all-normal dispersion engineering at a very low input energy[J]. Applied Optics, 2017, 56(2): 163-169. doi: 10.1364/AO.56.000163 [35] SAGHAEI H, HEIDARI V, EBNALI-HEIDARI M, et al. A systematic study of linear and nonlinear properties of photonic crystal fibers[J]. Optik, 2016, 127(24): 11938-11947. doi: 10.1016/j.ijleo.2016.09.111 [36] ALIPOUR-BANAEI H, SERAJMOHAMMADI S, MEHDIZADEH F. All optical NAND gate based on nonlinear photonic crystal ring resonators[J]. Optik, 2017, 130: 1214-1221. doi: 10.1016/j.ijleo.2016.11.190 -
下载:
点击查看大图
计量
- 文章访问数: 172
- HTML全文浏览量: 109
- PDF下载量: 172
- 被引次数: 0
