光纤光栅与受激布里渊信号的耦合特性

孙宝臣; 侯跃敏; 李峰; 李剑芝

doi:10.3788/CO.20171004.0484

光纤光栅与受激布里渊信号的耦合特性

doi: 10.3788/CO.20171004.0484

cstr: 32171.14.CO.20171004.0484

孙宝臣^{1, 2,},
侯跃敏¹,
李峰¹,
李剑芝^{1, 2, ,}

1.
石家庄铁道大学大型结构健康诊断与控制研究所, 河北石家庄 050043
2.
河北省减隔震技术与装置工程技术研究中心, 河北衡水 053000

基金项目:

国家自然科学基金项目 51508349

河北省自然科学基金项目 E2015210094

河北省高等学校科学技术研究青年基金项目 QN2016080

详细信息

作者简介:
孙宝臣(1961-), 男, 河北高碑店人, 教授, 1982年于东北重型机械学院获得硕士学位, 主要从事智能材料方面的研究。E-mail:sunbaochen@stdu.edu.cn

李剑芝(1978-), 女, 河北定州人, 副教授, 2004年于武汉理工大学获得硕士学位, 2009年于北京交通大学获得博士学位, 主要从事光纤传感及智能材料结构方面的研究

通讯作者:
李剑芝, E-mail:lijianzhigang@163.com

中图分类号: TU317
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2017-03-10
- 修回日期: 2017-04-15
- 刊出日期: 2017-08-01

Coupling characteristics between fiber grating and stimulated Brillouin signal

SUN Bao-chen^{1, 2
,},
HOU Yue-min¹,
LI Feng¹,
LI Jian-zhi^{1, 2
, ,}

1.
Research Institute of Structural Health Monitoring and Control, Shijiazhuang Tiedao University, Shijiazhuang 050043, China
2.
Technology Research Center of Engineering Vibration Isolation and Equipment in Hebei Province, Hengshui 053000, China

Funds:

National Natural Science Foundation of China 51508349

Hebei Province Natural Science Foundation of China E2015210094

Youth S & T Research Fund of Colleges & Universities in Hebei Province QN2016080

More Information

Corresponding author: LI Jian-zhi, E-mail:lijianzhigang@163.com

摘要

摘要: 近年来，光纤布拉格光栅传感器与全分布式光纤传感器的融合技术受到了广泛关注，然而光纤布拉格光栅与布里渊信号之间的耦合特性鲜有报道。本文研究了光栅类型、波长、反射率及光纤的光致折射率对受激布里渊信号的影响规律，并探讨了空间分辨率对光纤布拉格光栅定位功能的影响。实验结果表明，在布里渊光时域分析系统中，光纤布拉格光栅处有尖锐的反射峰，而啁啾光栅、长周期光栅及光致折射率变化的光纤处均未出现尖锐的反射峰；光纤布拉格光栅反射率与受激布里渊散射功率谱无关；当光纤布拉格光栅的波长接近1 550 nm时，对受激布里渊频移测量的影响最大；在8 m的长度范围内，光纤布拉格光栅的定位误差约为4 cm，并且与空间分辨率无关。
- 光纤布拉格光栅 /
- 受激布里渊信号 /
- 耦合规律 /
- 反射谱
Abstract: Recently, the integration technique of fiber Bragg grating (FBG) sensors and distributed optical fiber sensors has attracted extensive attention. However, it is unknown about coupling properties between FBG and Brillouin signal. In this paper, we investigate the effects of optical grating types, wavelength and reflectivity and exposure-induced refractive index of optical fiber on stimulated Brillouin signal. Meanwhile, the influence of spatial resolution on positioning of FBG is discussed. Experimental results show that the sharp reflected peak from FBG occurs in the hybrid system of FBG sensor and Brillouin optical time-domain analysis (BOTDA), while no reflected peak occurs for chirped grating and long period grating, as well as exposure-induced refractive index of optical fibers. FBG reflectivity has no connection with power spectrum of simulated Brillouin scattering. It is also shown that when the wavelength of FBG is close to 1 550 nm, the influence on stimulated Brillouin signal is the largest. A positioning error of approximate 4 cm is obtained among a sensing range of 8 m, which is independent on the spatial resolution.
- fiber Bragg grating (FBG) /
- stimulated Brillouin signal /
- coupling rule /
- reflection spectrum

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图 1 受激布里渊测试的实验装置

Figure 1. Experimental instrument for stimulated Brillouin test

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图 2 受激布里渊测试实验的光路系统

Figure 2. Optical path system of simulated Brillouin test experiment

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图 3 不同类型光栅的光谱。(a)长周期光栅的光谱；(b)光纤布拉格光栅和啁啾光栅的光谱

Figure 3. Spectra of different kinds of gratings. (a) Spectrum of long period grating; (b) Spectrum of FBG and chirped grating

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图 4 曝光致折射率改变光纤测试样品

Figure 4. Test samples of optical fiber with different refractive index induced by exposure

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图 5 光栅特性参数对受激布里渊散射功率谱影响的实验装置示意图

Figure 5. Schematic diagram of experimental setup for measuring the influence of grating characteristic parameters on stimulated Brillouin scatting power spectrum

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图 6 不同类型光栅的受激布里渊散射功率谱

Figure 6. Power spectra of stimulated Brillouin scattering of different types of gratings

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图 7 不同曝光时间处理的载氢光纤受激布里渊散射功率谱

Figure 7. Power spectra of stimulated Brillouin scattering of hydrogen loaded optical fiber with different exposure time

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图 8 反射率不同的光纤布拉格光栅的受激布里渊散射功率谱。(a)三个光纤样品的受激布里渊功率谱；(b)FBG1的受激布里渊功率谱；(c)FBG2的受激布里渊功率谱图；(d)FBG3的受激布里渊功率谱图

Figure 8. Power spectra of stimulated Brillouin scattering of FBG with different reflectivities. (a) Power spectra of stimulated Brillouin scattering of three fiber specimens; (b) Power spectra of stimulated Brillouin scattering for FBG1; (c) Power spectra of stimulated Brillouin scattering for FBG2; (d) Power spectra of stimulated Brillouin scattering for FBG3

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图 9 波长不同的光纤布拉格光栅的受激布里渊散射信号功率谱

Figure 9. Power spectra of stimulated Brillouin scattering of FBG with different wavelengths

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图 10 不同波长的光纤布拉格光栅的布里渊频移图

Figure 10. Brillouin frequency shift of FBG with different wavelengths

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图 11 不同空间分辨率下光纤布拉格光栅的受激布里渊散射功率谱

Figure 11. Power spectra of stimulated Brillouin scattering of FBG at different spatial resolutions

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表 1 不同类型光栅的性能参数

Table 1. Characteristic parameters of different kinds of gratings

Grating	Parameter			Location of the gate/m	Fiber length/m
Grating	Wavelength/nm	Refractive index/%	Bandwidth/nm	Location of the gate/m	Fiber length/m
Long period grating	1 538.49	99	4.39	2.5	3.1
Chirped grating	1 545.12	99	1.24	2.4	4.07
FBG	1 545.13	90	0.24	1.72	4.1

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表 2 光纤布拉格光栅特性参数对受激布里渊信号影响的实验中光纤布拉格光栅的性能参数

Table 2. Characteristic parameters of FBG in the experiment shown in Figure 5

Parameter	Group 1			Group 2			Group 3
Parameter	FBG 1	FBG 2	FBG 3	FBG 1	FBG 2	FBG 3	Group 3
Wavelength/nm	1 510 1 530 1 545	1 510 1 530 1 545	1 510 1 530 1 545	1 530 1 530 1 530	1 530 1 530 1 530	1 530 1 530 1 530	1 549.8
Refractive index/%	34.08 34.68 33.16	60.37 61.98 62.67	90.73 89.88 90.53	33.16 34.53 34.68	61.452 58.98 61.541	89.16 91.15 91.15	96.34
Bandwidth/nm	0.17 0.18 0.17	0.23 0.23 0.24	0.18 0.17 0.18	0.15 0.15 0.16	0.20 0.20 0.18	0.27 0.27 0.26	0.21

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表 3 空间分辨率对光纤布拉格光栅定位影响试验中光纤布拉格光栅的性能参数

Table 3. Characteristic parameters of FBG in the experiment of spatial resolution influence on FBG positioning

No.	Parameter
No.	Wavelength/ nm	Refractive index /%	Bandwidth/ nm	Spacing/m
FBG 1	1 545.18	90.39	0.24
FBG 2	1 555.15	90.81	0.25	7.98
FBG 3	1 560.19	89.86	0.27	8.02

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表 4 不同空间分辨率下光纤布拉格光栅的空间位置及定位误差

Table 4. Spatial location and positioning error of FBG at different spatial resolutions

Spatial resolution/cm	Spatial location/m			Positioning error/cm
Spatial resolution/cm	FBG1	FBG2	FBG3	FBG1-FBG2	FBG2-FBG3
10	8.059	16.068	24.127	3.8	3.9
20	8.059	16.068	24.127	3.8	3.9
50	8.008	16.016	24.076	2.8	4
100	7.751	15.811	23.870	8	3.9

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