Wide temperature range beacon receiver lens for tracking and aiming system of mobile ground station
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摘要: 为了保证移动地面站光电跟瞄系统在野外复杂环境下具有稳定的跟踪精度，针对-20~40℃宽工作温度范围下信标接收镜头成像光斑弥散的问题，进行了光学系统与光机结构的设计，提出了一种以步进电机驱动补偿镜组的温度补偿方案。分析了极限温度条件下光学系统性能的改变以及不同温度补偿方案的效果，针对光电跟瞄系统的指标要求，设计了光机结构并进行了力学、光学性能的分析。分析结果表明，系统一阶模态为370 Hz；补偿镜组向前移动0.695 mm能够补偿-20℃时光学系统成像光斑的弥散，令中心视场光斑尺寸由73 μm降为3.2 μm，边缘视场光斑尺寸由77 μm降为15.7 μm；向后移动0.885 6 mm能够补偿40℃时成像光斑的弥散，令中心视场光斑尺寸由94 μm降为3.9 μm，边缘视场光斑尺寸由96 μm降为21.8 μm；使用ZYGO干涉仪对光学系统的像质进行检测，波像差RMS值（均方根值）为0.061λ（λ=632.8 nm），PV值（峰谷值）为0.466λ，能够满足跟瞄系统指标要求。Abstract: In order to ensure the stable tracking accuracy of the photoelectric tracking and aiming system of the mobile ground station in the complex environment in the field, the optical system and optical structure are designed to solve the problem of imaging spot dispersion of the beacon receiving lens under the working temperature width of -20~40℃. A temperature compensation scheme for driving the compensation lens group with a stepping motor is proposed. The change of optical system performance under extreme temperature conditions and the effect of different temperature compensation schemes are analyzed. According to the requirements of photoelectric tracking and aiming system, the opto-mechanical structure is designed and the mechanical and optical properties are analyzed. The analysis results show that the first-order mode of the system is 370 Hz; the compensation lens group moves forward by 0.695 mm to compensate the dispersion of the optical system imaging spot at -20℃, and the central field spot size is reduced from 73 μm to 3.2 μm and the edge field spot size is reduced from 77 μm to 15.7 μm; moving back 0.885 6 mm can compensate for the dispersion of the imaging spot at 40℃, reducing the central field spot size from 94 μm to 3.9 μm, and the edge field spot size from 96 μm to 21.8 μm. The image quality of the optical system is also detected using a ZYGO interferometer. The RMS (root mean square) valueof the wave aberration is 0.061λ (λ=632.8 nm), and the PV (peak-to-valley) value is 0.466λ, which can satisfy the index requirements of the tracking and aiming system.
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图 3 机电主动式温度补偿方式原理框图
Figure 3. Block diagram of electromechanical active temperature compensation method
图 7 不同温度下信标接收系统的有限元分析结果
Figure 7. Finite element analysis results of beacon receiver system at different temperatures
表 1 材料参数表
Table 1. Table of material parameter
名称 弹性模量/GPa 密度/g·cm3 热导率/W·(m·K)-1 线膨胀系数/10-8/K 钢(45) 200 7.81 48.1 4.25 铝合金(2A12) 68.2 2.68 167 8.64 玻璃(H-K9L) 79.2 2.52 1.1 2.78 
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表 2 各透镜间距变化(单位：mm)
Table 2. Distance changes between lenses(Unit: mm)
透镜 1-2 2-3 3-4 4-5 -20 ℃ -0.068 4 -0.065 8 -0.042 3 -0.033 0 40 ℃ 0.0329 0.031 1 0.020 4 0.015 4
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