量子点背光技术的研究进展

叶芸; 喻金辉; 林淑颜; 陈恩果; 徐胜; 郭太良

doi:10.3788/CO.20201301.0014

量子点背光技术的研究进展

doi: 10.3788/CO.20201301.0014

cstr: 32171.14.CO.20201301.0014

福州大学物理与信息工程学院, 福建福州 350108

基金项目:

国家重点研发计划 No.2017YFB0404604

福建省自然科学基金 No.2018J01802

详细信息

作者简介:
叶芸(1977-), 女, 福建福州人, 博士, 研究员, 博士生导师, 2002年、2007年于电子科技大学分别获得硕士、博士学位, 主要从事光电信息显示技术方面的研究, E-mail:yeyun07@fzu.edu.cn

徐胜(1974—)，男，江西抚州人，博士，助理研究员,硕士生导师，2006年、2017年于福州大学分别获得硕士、博士学位，研究方向为量子点发光显示、新型显示材料与器件 E-mail:xusheng06090@163.com

中图分类号: O482.31
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2019-07-03
- 修回日期: 2019-08-20
- 刊出日期: 2020-02-01

Progress of quantum dot backlight technology

College of Physics and Information Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350108, China

Funds:

Supported by National Key R & D Program No.2017YFB0404604

Supported by Natural Science Foundation of Fujian Province No.2018J01802

More Information

Corresponding author: XU Sheng E-mail:xusheng06090@163.com

摘要

摘要: 量子点材料因具有发光波长可调，色度纯，量子效率高等优异特性而受到广泛关注，在光致发光高色彩显示方面有着巨大的应用潜力。本文综述了量子点背光技术的研究进展，主要对比了QDs On-Chip、QDs On-Surface及QDs On-Edge 3种量子点背光主流技术的基本原理及结构，并分析了它们在液晶显示领域的应用，未来前景及面临的挑战；然后介绍了几种新型的量子点背光技术，并对两种量子点背光新技术进行重点说明：一种是采用低温注塑成型工艺将量子点与高分子材料均匀混合为一体，用于制备直下式背光的量子点体散射型结构扩散板；另一种新技术是采用丝网印刷或喷墨打印工艺将量子点转印至导光板表面，形成应用于侧入式背光的量子点网点微结构导光板。这两种背光都具有制备工艺简单、成本低、生产效率高等特点，对高色域液晶显示的研究及发展意义深远。
- 量子点背光 /
- 丝网印刷 /
- 量子点网点导光板 /
- 注塑成型 /
- 量子点体散射扩散板 /
- 高色域
Abstract: Quantum dots (QDs) have received widespread attention because of their adjustable emitted wavelength of light, color purity and high quantum efficiency, which have great potential in applications requiring high-color-quality displays with photoluminescence. In this paper, the progress of QD backlights based on each QDs on-chip, QDs on-surface and QDs on-edge are reviewed, including their principle, structures and current applications. Then, several other novel QD backlight structures are also introduced, prompting a proposal for two novel QD backlight technologies. One is the QDs scattering diffusion plate, which is prepared by injecting molding with a mixture of QDs and polymer at a low temperature. The other is a QD microstructure light guide plate, which is fabricated by transferring QDs on the surface of a light guide plate through screen printing or inkjet printing. Both of these two QD plates can achieve high color gamut while being simple to process, being low in cost and holding high production efficiency. These have wide applications in high color gamut liquid crystal displays.
- quantum dot backlight /
- screen printing /
- quantum dots microstructure light guide plate /
- injection molding /
- quantum dots scattering diffusion plate /
- high color gamut

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图 1 (a) QDs On-Chip背光结构图及其(b)剖面结构图

Figure 1. (a) Structure scheme and (b)profile structure scheme of QDs On-Chip backlight

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图 2 (a) QDEF膜结构图；(b)QDs On-Surface背光结构图；(c)QDs On-Surface背光剖面结构图

Figure 2. (a) Structure scheme of QDEF film; (b)structure scheme of QDs On-Surface backlight; (c) profile structure scheme of QDs On-Surface backlight

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图 3 模拟用量子点膜和二向色滤光片制作的背光结构的剖面示意图

Figure 3. Profile structure scheme of a backlight unit with QDEF and dichroic filter used in simulation

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图 4 (a) QDs On-Edge背光结构图及其(b)剖面结构图

Figure 4. (a) Structure scheme and (b) profile structure scheme of QDs On-Edge backlight

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图 5 量子点槽背光结构图^[38]

Figure 5. Structure scheme of QDs slot backlight^[38]

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图 6 量子点槽结构与QDs On-Surface结构背光亮度(a)和色温(b)随时间变化图^[38]

Figure 6. Backlight brightness (a) and CCT (b) of QDs slot structure and QDs on-surface structure change with time^[38]

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图 7 不同LCD的背光结构及各自不同的总光学效率^[41]

Figure 7. Contrast of the backlight structures of different LCDs and different total optical efficiencies(TOE)^[41]

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图 8 量子棒应用于背光的结构图^[42]

Figure 8. Structure scheme of backlight applications using quantum rods^[42]

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图 9 非极化蓝光激发的整齐排列的QR薄膜示意图^[43]

Figure 9. Schematic diagram for a neatly arranged QR film excited by unpolarized blue light^[43]

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图 10 (a) 量子点体散射扩散板背光结构图及其(b)剖面结构图

Figure 10. (a)Structure scheme and (b)profile structure scheme of QDs scattering diffusion plate backlight

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图 11 (a) 喷墨打印微网点的3英寸导光板照片；(b)通过九点测试法测试的九点辉度(箭头指向为光入射处)^[54]

Figure 11. (a)Photograph of the 3-inch LGP with inkjet printed microlens; (b)luminance distribution measured by nine-point test (arrow is light incidence side)^[54]

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图 12 (a) 量子点网点微结构导光板背光结构图及其(b)剖面结构图

Figure 12. (a) Structure scheme and (b) profile structure scheme of QDs microstructure light guide plate backlight

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图 13 (a) 5.5英寸红、绿单色量子点导光板背光模型^[58]；(b)5.5英寸白平衡量子点背光模组和字符图案背光模型^[58]；(c)量子点膜片与量子点网点导光板示意图^[58]；(d)量子点散射网点的荧光显微镜局部放大图^[58]；(e)单个量子点散射网点的三维图像及其相应轮廓^[58]

Figure 13. (a) Backlight module of 5.5-inch red/green monochromatic QDs^[58]; (b) backlight module of 5.5-inch white-balance QDs and the specific partition backlight for the characters "FZU"^[58]; (c)shematic diagrams of QD sheet and QD LGP^[58]; (d) partial magnification of fluorescence microscope of the quantum dots microstructure array^[58]; (e) 3D image and the corresponding profile of a single QD microstructure^[58]

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表 1 量子点槽结构与量子点膜片结构背光对比表^[38]

Table 1. Backlight contrast table of QDs slot structure and QDEF structure^[38]

Structure	CIE(X, Y)	CCT/K	Lum/nit	QDs Usage/num
Film-a	(0.354 09, 0.296 48)	4 226.8K	3 235.3	4.78×10¹⁹
Slot-b	(0.359 32, 0.304 66)	4 070.7K	6 765.7	3.58×10¹⁷

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表 2 LCD各背光技术对比

Table 2. Contrast of different LCD backlight technologies

	YAG荧光粉技术	On-chip 结构	On-edge 结构	On-surface 结构	量子点槽结构	量子点棒技术	量子点扩散板技术	量子点网点微结构技术
典型结构	光学硅胶 +荧光粉	光学硅胶 +量子点	细玻璃管 +量子点	阻隔膜+量子点层+阻隔膜	光学封装胶 +量子点	量子点棒	聚合物+ 量子点	导光油墨 +量子点
色域 (NTSC)	72%	82%~90%	100%	110%	-	-	>120%	>120%
工作温度	高温 (150℃)	高温 (150℃)	较高温度	较低温度 (室温)	较高温度	较低温度 (室温)	较高温度	较低温度 (室温)
寿命	较高	低	较高	较高	-	较高	-	-
量子点用量	无	少 (10kg/年)	较少 (1t/年)	多 (100t/年)	少	-	少	少
结构	不改背光结构	不改背光结构	需增加组件	需增加组件	不改背光结构	不改背光结构	不改背光结构	不改背光结构
结构利用率	低	高	中	低	高	高	中	高
成本	低	芯片成本高	较低	较高	较低	较高	较高	较低
工艺	简单	复杂	简单	简单	简单	复杂	简单	简单

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