Abstract: On the basis of technologies of virtual instruments and a PXI bus, a measurement and control system including its hardware buildup and software realization in LabVIEW was designed to measure and control multicenter physical parameters in a synchronization method in a space environment test. By using National Instrument(NI) multicenter data acquisition(DAQ) devices, the system has the functions of measuring and controlling parameter setting, data acquisition and processing, data and chart displaying, signal processing and analyzing and remote communication etc. It was successfully used in a thermal balance test of space camera subsystem to measure and control the temperatures of 36 thermistors and 14 thermocouples, and the experimental results show that it can meet the needs of an automatic temperature control accuracy in 0.5 ℃ and measuring accuracy in 0.15 ℃. As compared with traditional text languages, the system design economizes much time and can be applied in other related experiments and developments further. The designing method provides some references for the designs of other measurement and control systems.