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纤维增强碳化硅及其在光学反射镜中的应用

张巍 张舸 郭聪慧 范天扬 徐传享

张巍, 张舸, 郭聪慧, 范天扬, 徐传享. 纤维增强碳化硅及其在光学反射镜中的应用[J]. 中国光学(中英文), 2020, 13(4): 695-704. doi: 10.37188/CO.2020-0052
引用本文: 张巍, 张舸, 郭聪慧, 范天扬, 徐传享. 纤维增强碳化硅及其在光学反射镜中的应用[J]. 中国光学(中英文), 2020, 13(4): 695-704. doi: 10.37188/CO.2020-0052
ZHANG Wei, ZHANG Ge, GUO Cong-hui, FAN Tian-yang, XU Chuan-xiang. Fiber-reinforced silicon carbide and its applications in optical mirrors[J]. Chinese Optics, 2020, 13(4): 695-704. doi: 10.37188/CO.2020-0052
Citation: ZHANG Wei, ZHANG Ge, GUO Cong-hui, FAN Tian-yang, XU Chuan-xiang. Fiber-reinforced silicon carbide and its applications in optical mirrors[J]. Chinese Optics, 2020, 13(4): 695-704. doi: 10.37188/CO.2020-0052

纤维增强碳化硅及其在光学反射镜中的应用

doi: 10.37188/CO.2020-0052
基金项目: 国家重点研发计划资助项目(No. 2016YFB0500100);吉林省科技发展计划项目(No. 20190101019JH);民用航天预研项目(No. D040101)
详细信息
    作者简介:

    张 巍(1994—),女,吉林吉林人,硕士,研究实习员,2016年、2018年于哈尔滨工业大学分别获得学士、硕士学位,主要从事纤维增强碳化硅陶瓷基复合材料制备技术方面的研究。E-mail:zhangwei_hit2017@163.com

    张 舸(1980—),男,重庆荣昌人,博士,研究员,硕士生导师,2003 年于长春理工大学获得学士学位,2008年于中国科学院长春光学精密机械与物理研究所获得博士学位,主要从事碳化硅陶瓷及其复合材料制备技术的研究。E-mail: zhanggeciomp@126.com

  • 中图分类号: TB332

Fiber-reinforced silicon carbide and its applications in optical mirrors

Funds: Supported by National Key Research and Development Program (No. 2016YFB0500100); Jilin Provincial Science and Technology Development Plan Project (No. 20190101019JH); Civil Aerospace Pre-research Project (No. D040101)
More Information
  • 摘要: 纤维增强碳化硅复合材料具有优异的力学及热学性能被广泛应用在航空航天、核能、汽车、化工等诸多领域,特别是在光学反射镜方面有良好的应用前景。本文介绍了纤维增强碳化硅复合材料的特点以及其相对传统反射镜材料的优势,对比分析了不同纤维增强碳化硅复合材料制备工艺的优缺点,阐述了不同界面层对纤维的保护作用及对复合材料性能的影响,综述了国内外纤维增强碳化硅复合材料在光学反射镜领域的应用进展,最后总结了纤维增强碳化硅反射镜坯实现大规模应用所需进一步开展的研究方向。

     

  • 图 1  3种不同的碳纤维界面层

    Figure 1.  Three kinds of carbon fiber interface layers

    图 2  六部分连接组成的镜坯[41]

    Figure 2.  Mirror blank composed of six components[41]

    图 3  GREGOR反射镜[42]

    Figure 3.  GREGOR mirror[42]

    图 4  360 mm口径C/SiC反射镜[44]

    Figure 4.  C/SiC mirror with diameter of 360 mm[44]

    图 5  传统C/SiC和SPICA C/SiC微观结构对比[45]

    Figure 5.  Comparison of microstructures for conventional C/SiC and SPICA C/SiC[45]

    图 6  开孔式背板和弯曲式前面板[47]

    Figure 6.  Vented backside and curved front facesheet[47]

    图 7  美国MER公司生产的SiC-SiC反射镜[48]

    Figure 7.  SiC-SiC mirror produced by MER company[48]

    图 8  MSG超轻扫描镜[49]

    Figure 8.  Ultra Lightweight Scanning Mirror (ULSM) for MSG[49]

    图 9  LSI得到的椭圆形C/SiC反射镜[50]

    Figure 9.  Oval C/SiC mirror obtained by LSI[50]

    表  1  不同纤维增强碳化硅制备方法的优缺点对比

    Table  1.   Comparison of advantages and disadvantages of different preparation methods for fiber-reinforced silicon carbide

    制备方法优点缺点
    先驱体浸渍裂解法(PIP)裂解温度低,
    纤维损伤小,
    可制备形状复杂构件
    易产生裂纹,
    孔隙率高,
    生产周期长
    化学气相渗透(CVI)基体纯度高,
    可制备形状复杂构件
    生产周期较长,
    成本高,
    不适合制备厚壁构件
    反应浸渗(RI)生产周期短,
    可制备形状复杂构件,
    近净尺寸成型
    残硅量高,
    硅化反应造成纤维损伤
    纳米浸渍,瞬时共晶(NITE)致密度高,
    生产周期短
    纤维易产生损伤,
    基体含杂质,
    不适合制备复杂形状构件
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    [51] 司亚凯.SiCf/SiC复合材料反射镜坯体的制备与性能研究[D]. 长沙: 国防科技大学, 2010.

    SI Y K. Study on preparation and performance of SiCf/SiC reflecting mirror composite[D]. Changsha: National University of Defense Technology, 2010. (in Chinese)
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  • 收稿日期:  2020-03-30
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