纤维增强碳化硅及其在光学反射镜中的应用

张巍; 张舸; 郭聪慧; 范天扬; 徐传享

doi:10.37188/CO.2020-0052

纤维增强碳化硅及其在光学反射镜中的应用

doi: 10.37188/CO.2020-0052

张巍^{1, 2,},
张舸^{1, 2, ,},
郭聪慧^{1, 2},
范天扬^{1, 2},
徐传享^{1, 2}

1.
中国科学院长春光学精密机械与物理研究所，吉林长春 130033
2.
中国科学院光学系统先进制造技术重点实验室，吉林长春 130033

基金项目: 国家重点研发计划资助项目（No. 2016YFB0500100）；吉林省科技发展计划项目（No. 20190101019JH）；民用航天预研项目（No. D040101）

详细信息

作者简介:
张　巍（1994—），女，吉林吉林人，硕士，研究实习员，2016年、2018年于哈尔滨工业大学分别获得学士、硕士学位，主要从事纤维增强碳化硅陶瓷基复合材料制备技术方面的研究。E-mail：zhangwei_hit2017@163.com

张　舸（1980—），男，重庆荣昌人，博士，研究员，硕士生导师，2003 年于长春理工大学获得学士学位，2008年于中国科学院长春光学精密机械与物理研究所获得博士学位，主要从事碳化硅陶瓷及其复合材料制备技术的研究。E-mail: zhanggeciomp@126.com

中图分类号: TB332
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2020-03-30
- 修回日期: 2020-05-26
- 刊出日期: 2020-08-01

Fiber-reinforced silicon carbide and its applications in optical mirrors

ZHANG Wei^{1, 2
,},
ZHANG Ge^{1, 2
, ,},
GUO Cong-hui^{1, 2},
FAN Tian-yang^{1, 2},
XU Chuan-xiang^{1, 2}

1.
Changchun Institute of Optics, Fine Mechanics and Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130033, China
2.
Key Laboratory of Optical System Advanced Manufacturing Technology, Changchun 130033, China

Funds: Supported by National Key Research and Development Program (No. 2016YFB0500100); Jilin Provincial Science and Technology Development Plan Project (No. 20190101019JH); Civil Aerospace Pre-research Project (No. D040101)

More Information

Corresponding author: zhanggeciomp@126.com

摘要

摘要: 纤维增强碳化硅复合材料具有优异的力学及热学性能被广泛应用在航空航天、核能、汽车、化工等诸多领域，特别是在光学反射镜方面有良好的应用前景。本文介绍了纤维增强碳化硅复合材料的特点以及其相对传统反射镜材料的优势，对比分析了不同纤维增强碳化硅复合材料制备工艺的优缺点，阐述了不同界面层对纤维的保护作用及对复合材料性能的影响，综述了国内外纤维增强碳化硅复合材料在光学反射镜领域的应用进展，最后总结了纤维增强碳化硅反射镜坯实现大规模应用所需进一步开展的研究方向。
- 碳化硅 /
- 复合材料 /
- 碳纤维 /
- 碳化硅纤维 /
- 反射镜
Abstract: Fiber-reinforced silicon carbide composites with excellent mechanical and thermal properties are widely used in aerospace, nuclear energy, automobile, chemical industry and many other fields, especially in optical mirrors. This paper introduces the characteristics of fiber-reinforced silicon carbide composites. The advantages and disadvantages of different preparation processes of fiber-reinforced silicon carbide composites are compared. The protective effects of different interface layers on fibers and composites are expounded. The application progress of fiber-reinforced silicon carbide composites in the field of optical mirrors at home and abroad is summarized. Finally, the research direction to be carried out for realizing large-scale application of fiber-reinforced silicon carbide mirror blanks is analyzed.
- silicon carbide /
- composite materials /
- carbon fiber /
- silicon carbide fiber /
- optical mirrors

HTML全文

图 1 3种不同的碳纤维界面层

Figure 1. Three kinds of carbon fiber interface layers

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图 2 六部分连接组成的镜坯^[41]

Figure 2. Mirror blank composed of six components^[41]

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图 3 GREGOR反射镜^[42]

Figure 3. GREGOR mirror^[42]

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图 4 360 mm口径C/SiC反射镜^[44]

Figure 4. C/SiC mirror with diameter of 360 mm^[44]

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图 5 传统C/SiC和SPICA C/SiC微观结构对比^[45]

Figure 5. Comparison of microstructures for conventional C/SiC and SPICA C/SiC^[45]

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图 6 开孔式背板和弯曲式前面板^[47]

Figure 6. Vented backside and curved front facesheet^[47]

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图 7 美国MER公司生产的SiC-SiC反射镜^[48]

Figure 7. SiC-SiC mirror produced by MER company^[48]

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图 8 MSG超轻扫描镜^[49]

Figure 8. Ultra Lightweight Scanning Mirror (ULSM) for MSG^[49]

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图 9 LSI得到的椭圆形C/SiC反射镜^[50]

Figure 9. Oval C/SiC mirror obtained by LSI^[50]

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表 1 不同纤维增强碳化硅制备方法的优缺点对比

Table 1. Comparison of advantages and disadvantages of different preparation methods for fiber-reinforced silicon carbide

制备方法	优点	缺点
先驱体浸渍裂解法（PIP）	裂解温度低，纤维损伤小，可制备形状复杂构件	易产生裂纹，孔隙率高，生产周期长
化学气相渗透（CVI）	基体纯度高，可制备形状复杂构件	生产周期较长，成本高，不适合制备厚壁构件
反应浸渗（RI）	生产周期短，可制备形状复杂构件，近净尺寸成型	残硅量高，硅化反应造成纤维损伤
纳米浸渍，瞬时共晶（NITE）	致密度高，生产周期短	纤维易产生损伤，基体含杂质，不适合制备复杂形状构件

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制备方法	优点	缺点
先驱体浸渍裂解法（PIP）	裂解温度低，纤维损伤小，可制备形状复杂构件	易产生裂纹，孔隙率高，生产周期长
化学气相渗透（CVI）	基体纯度高，可制备形状复杂构件	生产周期较长，成本高，不适合制备厚壁构件
反应浸渗（RI）	生产周期短，可制备形状复杂构件，近净尺寸成型	残硅量高，硅化反应造成纤维损伤
纳米浸渍，瞬时共晶（NITE）	致密度高，生产周期短	纤维易产生损伤，基体含杂质，不适合制备复杂形状构件

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纤维增强碳化硅及其在光学反射镜中的应用

doi: 10.37188/CO.2020-0052

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Fiber-reinforced silicon carbide and its applications in optical mirrors

Corresponding author: zhanggeciomp@126.com

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目录

《中国光学（中英文）》跻身光学领域期刊Q3区

留言板

纤维增强碳化硅及其在光学反射镜中的应用

doi: 10.37188/CO.2020-0052

计量

出版历程

Fiber-reinforced silicon carbide and its applications in optical mirrors

Corresponding author: zhanggeciomp@126.com

计量

出版历程

目录

《中国光学（中英文）》跻身光学领域期刊Q3区