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摘要:
稀疏孔径成像系统在校正共相误差后可实现多个子孔径干涉成像，达到提高成像分辨率的目的。本文以Golay3稀疏孔径成像系统为研究对象，分析了子孔径间存在不同活塞误差和倾斜误差时，系统的MTF和面目标成像情况。研制了一套Golay3稀疏孔径成像系统，以USAF1951分辨率板为面目标进行了成像实验。通过调整光束折转调整模块中的平面反射镜位置，校正了子孔径的活塞误差和倾斜误差，实现了三孔径合成成像，并对理论分析结果进行了验证。实验结果表明：所研制系统的角分辨率为1.77 μrad，接近于等效单口径成像系统的理论极限分辨率1.18 μrad。所研制的Golay3稀疏孔径成像系统能有效校正共相误差，提高成像分辨率。
Abstract:Multiple sub-aperture interference imaging enables the images formed by the sparse aperture imaging system to have a higher resolution after the cophasing error is corrected. In this paper, the MTF and surface target imaging of the system are analyzed with a Golay3 sparse aperture imaging system as the research object when there are different piston and tilt errors among the sub-apertures. A Golay3 sparse aperture imaging system was developed to carry out an imaging experiment with the USAF1951 resolving power test target as the area target. Three-aperture synthetic imaging is achieved by adjusting the position of the plane mirror in the light beam deflection and the adjustment module to correct the piston and tilt errors of the sub-apertures. The results of a theoretical analysis are then verified. According to calculations, the developed system’s angular resolution of 1.38 μrad is close to the equivalent single-aperture imaging system’s theoretical resolution of 1.18 μrad. The developed Golay3 sparse aperture imaging system can correct the cophasing errors and improve the imaging resolution.
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图 6 子孔径1存在不同活塞误差时三孔径系统的MTF
Figure 6. MTFs of Golay3 optical system when sub-aperture 1 has different piston errors
图 7 子孔径1存在不同倾斜误差时三孔径系统的MTF
Figure 7. MTFs of Golay3 optical system when sub-aperture 1 has different tilt errors
图 12 单孔径和三孔径成像系统MTF对比
Figure 12. Comparison of MTF of a single-aperture and three-apertures imaging system
表 1 所设计Golay3稀疏孔径成像系统设计参数
Table 1. Design specifications of the Golay3 sparse aperture imaging system
序号 参数 设计值 1 子孔径口径d 200 mm 2 等效口径D 570 mm 3 系统焦距f 6000 mm 4 全视场角h 0.2° 5 工作波段 0.48～0.65 μm 
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表 2 理论结果和实测结果对比
Table 2. Comparison of theoretical and measured results
参数名称 单孔径 三孔径 提高倍数 极限角分辨率 3.36 μrad 1.18 μrad 2.85 实测角分辨率 4.47 μrad 1.77 μrad 2.53
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