引力波探测中激光干涉量子噪声计算

曾晓强; 李磐; 董鹏; 杨然

doi:10.37188/CO.2024-0180

引力波探测中激光干涉量子噪声计算

doi: 10.37188/CO.2024-0180

cstr: 32171.14.CO.2024-0180

曾晓强^{1, 2,},
李磐¹,
董鹏^3, ,,
杨然^1, ,

1.
中国科学院力学研究所微重力实验室引力波实验中心, 北京 100190
2.
中国科学院大学工程科学学院, 北京 100049
3.
国科大杭州高等研究院基础物理与数学科学学院引力波宇宙太极实验室, 浙江杭州 310024

基金项目: 国家重点研发计划资助项目（No. 2020YFC2200901）；国科大杭州高等研究院专项资金（No. 2022ZZ01006）

详细信息

作者简介:
董　鹏（1987—），男，北京人，博士，高级工程师，硕士生导师，2011年于中国科学院紫金山天文台获得博士学位，主要从事空间激光干涉测量技术的研究。E-mail：dongpeng@ucas.ac.cn

杨　然（1981—），女，河北石家庄人，博士，副研究员，2011年于华中科技大学获博士学位，主要从事量子精密测量及干涉仪系统噪声模型仿真和分析。E-mail：yangran@imech.ac.cn

中图分类号: O431.2
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2024-09-30
- 修回日期: 2024-11-22
- 录用日期: 2024-12-13
- 网络出版日期: 2025-01-22

Calculation of laser interferometric quantum noise in gravitational wave detection

ZENG Xiao-qiang^{1, 2
,},
LI Pan¹,
DONG Peng^{3
, ,},
YANG Ran^{1
, ,}

1.
Center for Gravitational Wave Experiment, National Microgravity Laboratory, Institute of Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
2.
School of Engineering Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
3.
Taiji Laboratory for Gravitational Wave Universe, School of Fundamental Physics and Mathematical Sciences, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou 310024, China

Funds: Supported by the National Key Research and Development Program (No. 2020YFC2200901); the Research Funds of Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, UCAS (No. 2022ZZ01006)

More Information

Corresponding author: dongpeng@ucas.ac.cn; yangran@imech.ac.cn

摘要

摘要:
量子噪声是影响激光干涉引力波探测能力的主要噪声之一。为应对量子噪声，进一步提高探测灵敏度，本文应用量子传递函数方法对传统迈克尔逊干涉仪的量子噪声源头进行了重新推导。结果表明，对于辐射压噪声和散粒噪声这两类量子噪声，前者可直接归因于干涉仪暗口处真空涨落的正交振幅涨落，后者则仅在一定条件下可完全归因于暗口处的正交相位涨落。在明确量子噪声的源头归属前提下，压缩光技术可提高探测器的灵敏度，但当采取不等臂干涉探测方案时，必须注意两不等臂臂长之间的长度差异。
- 引力波探测 /
- 量子噪声 /
- 真空涨落 /
- 压缩光
Abstract:
Quantum noise is one of the main noises affecting the laser interferometric gravitational wave detection. To cope with quantum noise and further improve detection sensitivity, this paper applies the quantum transfer function method to rederive the source attribution of quantum noise in conventional Michelson interferometers. The findings reveal that for two types of quantum noise-radiation pressure noise and shot noise-radiation pressure noise can be directly attributed to the amplitude quadrature fluctuations of vacuum fluctuations at the unused port of the interferometer, while shot noise can be completely attributed to the phase quadrature fluctuations at the unused port only under certain conditions. Provided that the source attribution of the quantum noise is clearly known, the squeezed light technique can improve the sensitivity of detectors. However, when adopting unequal arm interference detection schemes, attention must be paid to the length difference between the two unequal arm lengths.
- gravitational wave detection /
- quantum noise /
- vacuum fluctuation /
- squeezed light

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图 1 第一次分束示意图

Figure 1. Schematic diagram of the first beam splitting

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图 2 第二次分束示意图

Figure 2. Schematic diagram of the second beam splitting

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图 3 可能的验证实验的简化布局

Figure 3. Simplified layout of possible validation experiments

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