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摘要: 眼底成像技术可检测临床视网膜组织状态，其检测结果已成为多种眼底疾病诊断的重要依据。然而，传统的眼底成像系统需要专业医护人员操作，且具有体积大、价格昂贵等缺点。随着智能手机的图像采集、存储、数据传输等功能的不断提升，基于智能手机的眼底成像系统可有效弥补传统眼底成像系统的上述缺陷。在本研究中，我们设计了照明和成像光路并利用3D打印技术将其小型化，通过与智能手机相结合实现了对人眼视网膜图像的采集。结果表明，基于智能手机的眼底相机距离模拟眼的工作距离约为17 mm，安置于体积仅为88 mm×79 mm×42 mm（长×宽×高）的手机外设配件中。随后，利用Zemax对系统光学参数进行了进一步优化。经优化后的成像系统，畸变保持在0.2%范围内，场曲小于10 μm。该系统具有便携性良好、无创、价格低廉等优点，未来可用于多种眼底疾病的社区筛查工作。Abstract: Fundus photography is used to examine the status of retinas, providing important diagnostic information about retinal diseases. Traditional fundus imaging systems are usually disadvantageous for their large size, difficulty of operation, high cost, etc.. With the recent rapid development of smartphones, their cameras, storage and transmission systems, have improved significantly, making them capable of being used for fundus imaging. Thus, the development and design of the fundus imaging system based on smartphones can overcome the shortcomings of traditional fundus imaging. In this study, the imaging and illumination optical path of the smartphone-based fundus imaging system was designed and the size was minimized as a smartphone accessary using 3D printing. Based on the results from the smartphone-based retinal imaging system, the working distance between the proposed system and an artificial eye was approximately 17 mm and the system was placed in a smartphone accessory with a size of 88 mm×79 mm×42 mm. Zemax was used to further optimize the design for better image quality. The distortion of the optimized imaging system is less than 0.2% and the curvature of field is less than 10 μm. The proposed system is portable, noninvasive and cost effective, which is expected to be applied in community hospitals in the near future.
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Key words:
- retinal imaging /
- portable device /
- imaging system /
- numerical simulation
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图 2 手机外设设计示意图
Figure 2. Schematic of the smartphone accessory for the portable fundus camera
图 3 利用桌面样机系统进行的眼底图像采集
Figure 3. Fundus image acquired by the table-top prototype system
图 5 成像系统的平均调制传递函数
Figure 5. Average modulation transfer function of the imaging system
图 6 Zemax仿真系统的(a)场曲与(b)畸变
Figure 6. (a)Field curvature and (b)distortion of Zemax simulation results
表 1 不同智能手机的最优眼底成像工作距离
Table 1. Optimized working distances of different smartphones
手机型号 华为C8815 酷派5950 iPhone4s 工作距离 19.4 mm 17.0 mm 18.3 mm 
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表 2 优化后的成像系统镜头设计
Table 2. Optimized design of lens
表面编号 备注 半径 厚度 材质 物面 无穷 0 1 视网膜 12.500 17.250 1.34, 55.0 2 玻璃体 5.673 4.000 1.41, 55.0 3 晶状体 -10.485 0.000 4 无穷 0.000 5 瞳孔 -10.100 3.000 1.34, 55.0 6 液状体 -3.635 0.600 1.38, 55.0 7 角膜 -6.896 17.000 8 无穷 8.140 9 49 565 7.560 4.500 S-LALS 10 -12.800 1.500 S-TIH53 11 61.600 0.060 1.52, 52.0 12 -666.035 17.029 13 无穷 7.299 14 76.140 1.100 N-SF10 15 9.350 5.250 S-BAH11 16 47 661 -13.980 0.000 17 无穷 41.956 光阑面 3.400 像面 无穷 -
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